Jahve – razlika između verzija
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[[Datoteka:Zeus Yahweh.jpg|mini|250p|[[Judejske kovanice|Drahma]] (četvrtina [[šekel]]a) kovanica iz persijske pokrajine Judeja Medinata, vjerovatno predstavlja Jahvea kako sjedi tronu{{sfn|Edelman|1995|p=190}}]]
'''Jahve''' ({{jez-heb|יהוה}}) bio je [[nacionalni bog]] [[Kraljevstvo Izrael|Kraljevstva Izrael]] i [[Kraljevstvo Juda|Juda]].{{sfn|Miller|1986|p=110}} Tačno porijeklo naziva je sporno, iako seže iz mlađeg gvozdenog doba, pa čak i kasnog bronzanog:{{sfn|Miller|2000|p=1}} naziv se u početku koristio kao epitet boga [[El]]a, vrhovnog božanstva [[Kananska mitologija|kananske religije]] tokom bronzanog doba,{{sfn|Dijkstra|2001|p=92}} ali najranije vjerodostojno pominjanje je u egipatskim tekstovima koji ga smještaju među nomade iz južne [[Transjordan (region)|Transjordanije]].{{sfn|Dever|2003b|p=128}}
U najstarijim biblijskim tekstovima Jahve je tipični drevni [[Bliski istok|bliskoistočni]] „božiji ratnik“ koji vodi nebesku vojsku protiv neprijatelja Izraela;{{sfn|Hackett|2001|pp=158–59}} kasnije je postao glavno bog Kraljevstva Izrael i Judeja,{{sfn|Smith|2002|p=72}} a kraljevski sud i hram promovišu Jahvea kao boga cijelog [[kosmos]]a, koji posjeduje sve pozitivne osobine prethodno pripisivane drugim bogovima i božanstvima.{{sfn|Wyatt|2010|pp=69–70}}{{sfn|Betz|2000|p=917}}
Pred kraj [[Vavilonsko ropstvo|Vavilonskog ropstva]] ([[6. vek p. n. e.|6. vijek p. n. e.]]), samo postojanje drugih bogova je negirano, a Jahve je proglašen [[Bog tvorac|tvorcem kosmosa]] i [[Bog|istinskim bogom]] cijelog svijeta.{{sfn|Betz|2000|p=917}}
== Vidi još ==
* [[Tetragram]]
* [[Adonaj]]
* [[Bog]]
== Reference ==
{{reflist|3}}
== Literatura ==
{{refbegin|2}}
* {{cite book|last = Betz|first = Arnold Gottfried|chapter = Monotheism|editor1-last = Freedman|editor1-first = David Noel|editor2-last = Myer|editor2-first = Allen C.|title = Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible|publisher = Eerdmans | year = 2000|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=qRtUqxkB7wkC&pg=PA917#v=onepage&q=bible%20monotheism%20Betz&f=false|isbn = 9053565035|ref = harv}}
* {{cite book|last = Miller|first = Patrick D|title = A History of Ancient Israel and Judah|publisher = Westminster John Knox Press|year = 1986|url = https://books.google.com/?id=uDijjc_D5P0C&pg=PA110&dq=%22Yahweh%22%22national+god+of+Israel+and+Judah%22#v=onepage&q=%22Yahweh%22%22national%20god%20of%20Israel%20and%20Judah%22&f=false|ref = harv}}
* {{cite book|last = Miller|first = Patrick D.|title = The Religion of Ancient Israel|publisher = Westminster John Knox Press|year = 2000|url = https://books.google.com/?id=JBhY9BQ7hIQC&printsec=frontcover&dq=the+religion+of+ancient+israel#v=onepage&q&f=false|isbn = 978-0-664-22145-4|ref = harv}}
* {{cite book|last = Dijkstra|first = Meindert|chapter = El the God of Israel-Israel the People of YHWH: On the Origins of Ancient Israelite Yahwism|editor1-last = Becking|editor1-first = Bob|editor2-last = Dijkstra|editor2-first = Meindert|editor3-last = Korpel|editor3-first = Marjo C.A.|editor4-last = Vriezen|editor4-first = Karel J.H.| display-editors = 3|title = Only One God?: Monotheism in Ancient Israel and the Veneration of the Goddess Asherah|publisher = A&C Black|year = 2001|url = https://books.google.com/?id=z72KmReV-bIC&pg=PA92&lpg=PA92&dq=%22El+who+is+present,+who+makes+himself+manifest%22#v=onepage&q=%22El%20who%20is%20present%2C%20who%20makes%20himself%20manifest%22&f=false|ref = harv}}
* {{cite book|last = Dever|first = William G.|title = Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come From|publisher = Eerdmans|year = 2003b|url = https://books.google.com/?id=A_ByXkpofAgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=who+were+the+early+israelites#v=onepage&q=who%20were%20the%20early%20israelites&f=false|ref = harv}}
* {{cite book|last = Hackett|first = Jo Ann|chapter = 'There Was No King In Israel': The Era of the Judges|editor1-last = Coogan|editor1-first = Michael David|title = The Oxford History of the Biblical World|publisher = Oxford University Press|year = 2001|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=zFhvECwNQD0C&pg=PA132#v=onepage&q=There%20was%20no%20king%20in%20Israel&f=false|isbn = 978-0-19-513937-2|ref = harv}}
* {{cite book|last = Smith|first = Mark S.|year = 2002|title = The Early History of God: Yahweh and the Other Deities in Ancient Israel|publisher = Eerdmans|url = https://books.google.com/?id=1yM3AuBh4AsC&pg=PA28&dq=%22Iron+I+Israel+was+largely+Canaanite%22#v=onepage&q=%22Iron%20I%20Israel%20was%20largely%20Canaanite%22&f=false|ref = harv}}
* {{cite book|last = Wyatt|first = Nicolas|chapter = Royal Religion in Ancient Judah|editor1-last = Stavrakopoulou|editor1-first = Francesca|editor2-last = Barton|editor2-first = John|title = Religious Diversity in Ancient Israel and Judah|publisher = Continuum International Publishing Group|year = 2010|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=kG_9-vki4ocC&pg=PR5 |isbn=978-0-567-03216-4|ref = harv}}
* {{cite book|last = Betz|first = Arnold Gottfried|chapter = Monotheism|editor1-last = Freedman|editor1-first = David Noel|editor2-last = Myer|editor2-first = Allen C.|title = Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible|publisher = Eerdmans|year = 2000|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=qRtUqxkB7wkC&pg=PA917#v=onepage&q=bible%20monotheism%20Betz&f=false|isbn = 9053565035|ref = harv}}
{{refend}}
[[Kategorija:Judaizam]]
▲[[Kategorija:Religija]]
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