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Nezavisna Albanija – razlika između verzija

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Red 138:
== Naziv ==
 
Naziv države koji je preciziran u tekstu Albanske deklaracije o nezavisnosti je Albanija ({{jez-alb|Shqipëria}}).<ref>{{Citation |last=Islami |first=Selim |author= Selim Islami |coauthors=Kristo Frashëri, Aleks Buda |title=Historia e popullit shqiptar |url=http://books.google.rs/books?ei=k5U1T73LHMnJsgbq4sChDA&id=TjgNAQAAIAAJ&dq=Shqip%C3%ABria+e+lir%C3%AB+e+mosvarme&q=%22Shqip%C3%ABria+me+sot%22#search_anchor |year=1968 |month= |publisher=Enti i botimeve shkollare i Republikës Socialiste të Serbisë |location=Prishtinë |language= Albanian |oclc=1906502 |page= 352 |quote= Propozimet e kryetarit u aprovuan njëzëri e me entusiazëm nga delegatët, te cilët nënshkruan dokumentin historik ku thuhej: „ . . . Shqipëria me sot te bahet ne vehte, e lire ee mosvarme."}}</ref> Često se naziva ''"nezavisna Albanija"'' ({{jez-alb|Shqipëria e Mosvarme}})<ref>{{cite web|last=Pirraku|first=Muhamet|title=Cili Është Mesazhi I Emërtimeve “SHQIPËRIA SHTETËRORE” |url=http://www.albaniapress.com/indeksi?p=lexo_lajmin&id=8652|publisher=AlbaniaPress.com : Agjensia Informative Shqiptare |author=Muhamet Pirraku|date = 19. April4. 2009.|year=2009|quote=Shteti i projektuar nga Konferenca e Ambasadorëve në Londër, më 1913, si: “Principata e Shqipërisë” me shtrirjen vetëm në një pjesë të Bregdetit shqiptar, ... të më pak se një e treta e tokave të shtetit “Shqipëria e Mosvarme” e shpallur në Vlorë, më 28 nëntor 1912 (State designed by the Conference of Ambassadors in London in 1913, as: "The Principality of Albania" ... is less than a third of the terriory of "Independent Albania" declared in Vlora, on November 28, 1912)}}</ref>, "''Albanska država"'' <ref>{{Citation |last=Puto |first=Arben |author=Arben Puto| coauthors=[[Academy of Sciences of Albania]] |title=National forces against imperialist dictate in the organization of the Albanian State, 1912-1914 |url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/national-forces-against-imperialist-dictate-in-the-organization-of-the-albanian-state-1912-1914-report/oclc/11497570&referer=brief_results |year= 1983 |publisher= "8 Nëntori" Pub. House |location= Tirana |oclc=11497570}}</ref> ({{jez-alb|Shteti Shqiptar}}) ili ''"nezavisna država Albanija"''<ref>{{Citation |last=Jansen |first=Suzanne |author=Suzanne Jansen |title=The Kosovo Status Negotiations in 2006 |url=http://www.ams.pvda.nl/binaries/content/assets/ams/Scriptie+Suzanne+Jansen.pdf/Scriptie+Suzanne+Jansen.pdf |year=2006 |month= August |publisher=[[University of Amsterdam|Universiteit van Amsterdam]] |location= Amsterdam |page=50 |quote=The Proclamation of the Independent State of Albania, 1912 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Zolo |first=Danilo |author=Danilo Zolo |title=Invoking humanity : war, law, and global order |url= http://books.google.rs/books?id=t7KNgpZRnM8C&pg=PA179&dq=%22independent+state+of+albania%22+1912&hl=en&sa=X&ei=DYQ5T-3KHOKQ4gS7zaChCw&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22independent%20state%20of%20albania%22%201912&f=false |year= 2002 |publisher=Continuum |location=London |isbn=9780826456564 |oclc= 47844508 |page=179 |quote= In November 1912 the independent state of Albania was proclaimed at Vlore }}</ref> ({{jez-alb|Shteti i pavarur shqiptar}})<ref>{{Citation |last=Omari |first=Luan |author=Luan Omari |title=Historia e shtetit dhe e së drejtës në Shqipëri [History of state and law in Albania] |url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/historia-e-shtetit-dhe-e-se-drejtes-ne-shqiperi-2/oclc/164822827&referer=brief_results |volume=2 |year=1994 |month= |publisher= Shtëpia Botuese Luarasi |location=Tiranë |language= Albanian |oclc=164822827 |chapter=Shteti i pavarur shqiptar në vitet 1912-1914 [Independent state of Albania in the years 1912-1914]|quote=Shteti i pavarur shqiptar në vitet 1912-1914 [Independent state of Albania in the years 1912-1914]}}</ref>.
 
== Politički sistem ==
Red 178:
| year = 2000
| publisher = International Center for Minority Studies and Intercultural Relations
| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.omda.bg%2Fimir%2Fstudies%2Falban_id28.html&date =2011-01- 10. 01. 2011.
| archivedate = January 10,. 1. 2011.
| quote = At a parliamentary session in January 1912, ... Albanian deputy Hasan Prishtina warned that the reactionary policy of the Young Turks' government was going to lead to a revolution in Albania.
}}</ref> Pobuna je bila uspešna i do avgusta 1912 pobunjenici su uspeli da zauzmu čitav Kosovski vilajet (uključujući [[Novi Pazar]], [[Sjenica|Sjenicu]], [[Priština|Prištinu]] i čak i [[Skoplje]]), deo Skadarskog vilajeta (uključujući [[Elbasan]], [[Përmet]] i [[Leskovik]]), [[Konica|Konicu]] u Janjinskom vilajetu i [[Debar]] u Bitoljskom vilajetu.<ref>{{cite book
Red 264:
[[Image:Albanian caricature 1913.gif|thumb|Karikatura objavljena u februaru 1913 koja prikazuje Albaniju kako se brani od susednih država. Crna Gora je predstavljena kao majmun, Grčka kao leopard koji napada Janjinu a Srbija kao zmija. Tekst na Albanskom glasi:"Bežite od mene! Krvožedne zveri!"]]
 
Vojska Kraljevine Srbije je 29 novembra 1912 osvojila Drač bez borbe i uspostavila [[Drački Okrug (Kraljevina Srbija)|Drački okrug]] sa četiri sreza: Drač, Lješ, Elbasan i Tirana.<ref>{{cite book|last=Bogdanović|first=Dimitrije|title=Knjiga o Kosovu: razgovori o Kosovu|year=1990|publisher=Književne novine|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=FbpBAAAAYAAJ&q=%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7+%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD&dq=%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7+%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD&hl=en&ei=rww4TsSYNNCp8QOD2-n1Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA|coauthors=Radovan Samardžić|page=208|quote=На освојеном подручју су одмах успостављене грађанске власти и албанска територија је Де Факто анектирана Србији : 29. новембра је основан драчки округ са четири среза (Драч, Љеш, Елбасан, Тирана)....On conquered territory of Albania was established civil government and territory of Albania was de facto annexed by Serbia: On November 29 was established Durres County with four srez (Durres, Lezha, Elbasan, and Tirana)}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last= Petrović |first= Dragoljub S. |author= Dragoljub S. Petrović |authorlink= |coauthors= |firstn=,lastn=,authorn= |author-separator= |editor= |editorn= |editorn-last= |editorn-first= |editor-link= |editorn-link= |others= |title= Heterogenost stanovništva determinanta složenosti rešenja političkog statusa albanskog prostora (Heterogeneity of the population as determinant of the complexity of solving the political status of the Albania) |url=http://www.rastko.rs/rastko-al/zbornik1990/dpetrovic-heterogenost_l.php |year= 1990 |language= Serbian |isbn= |oclc=439985244 |pages= 237–271 |quote= Potom, 29. novembra 1912. formiran je Drački okrug u okviru kojeg su srezovi - Drač, Tirana, Elbasan i Lješ. ... On November 29, 1912 the Durres County was established and in it there were established the follwing districts - Durres, Tirana, Elbasan and Lezhe }}</ref> Nove srpske vlasti su bile suočene sa velikim poteškoćama u upravljanju novim okrugom jer su sve udaljene postaje srpske vojske sa malim brojem vojnika bile uništene u roku od nekoliko dana.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Antić|first=Čedomir|title=Kratko slavlje u Draču|journal=[[Večernje novosti]]|date =January 2,. 1. 2010.|year=2010|month=January|url=http://www.novosti.rs/dodatni_sadrzaj/clanci.119.html:280057-Kratko-slavlje-u-Dracu|accessdate=|author=Čedomir Antić|trans_title=Short celebration in Durres|language=Serbian|quote=Srpska vlast u Albaniji počela je vremenom da se suočava s velikim teškoćama. Mir stanovništva morao je da bude izdašno plaćan. Delovanje austrougarskih agenata i begova odanih sultanu činilo je ionako loše puteve nesigurnim. Tokom nekoliko dana uništene su usamljene stanice, koje su branili malobrojni srpski vojnici..}}</ref>
 
[[Međunarodni odnosi]] Albanije su počeli da funkcionišu na državnom nivou pošto je Albanija proglašena nezavisnom i prvi diplomatski napori njene vlade su bili usmereni ka obezbeđivanju [[Diplomatsko priznanje|međunarodnog priznanja]] za Albansku državu.<ref>{{Citation |last=Meta |first=Beqir |author=Beqir Meta|authorlink=Beqir Meta |title=The European legacy : toward new paradigms |url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/european-legacy-toward-new-paradigms/oclc/757296639&referer=brief_results |edition= |series= Fourth International Conference of the International Society for the study of European Ideas |volume= 1 |date= |origyear= |year=1996 |month= |publisher= MIT Press |location= Cambridge, Mass. |oclc= 757296639 |page=852 |pages= |nopp= |at= |chapter= International Policy of Albania (1912—21) |chapterurl= http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10848779608579494 |quote= After the proclamation of independence on 28 November 1912 and the establishment of the national government, the international relations of Albania began to be instrumentalized in a state form. The first diplomatic acts of the government were efforts for its recognition and the recognition of the Albanian state... European diplomacy did not regard the government of Vlora as an important element of the Albanian state... The legitimate requests of the new Albanian state were not taken in consideration.}}</ref> U decembru 1912 delegacija Albanije je uručila memorandum učesnicima [[Londonska konferencija 1912-1913|Londonske konferencije]] zahtevajući, na bazi prava etničkih Albanaca, međunarodno priznanje nezavisne Albanije čija je teritorija sačinjena od čitavog [[Kosovski vilajet|Kosovoskog vilajeta]], zapadne [[Makedonija|Makedonije]] uključujući i [[Skoplje]] i [[Bitola|Bitolj]] kao i čitavu teritoriju [[Epir (region)|Epira]] sve to [[Arta, Grčka|Arte]].<ref>{{Citation |last=Petrović |first=Dragoljub S. |author=Dragoljub S. Petrović |title=Heterogenost stanovništva determinanta složenosti rešenja političkog statusa albanskog prostora (Heterogamy of the population determining the complexity of solution of the political status of the territory of Albania) |url=http://www.rastko.rs/rastko-al/zbornik1990/dpetrovic-heterogenost_l.php |archiveurl=http://www.rastko.rs/rastko-al/zbornik1990/dpetrovic-heterogenost_l.php |archivedate=August, 6 2011 |quote= Albanska delegacija je konferenciji u Londonu u decembru dostavila memorandum u kome se insistira na etničkim pravima. Ta Velika Albanija bi zahvatala Metohiju, Kosovo, zapadnu Makedoniju sa Skopljem i Bitoljem, na jugu čitav Epir do Arte. .... Delegation of Albania submitted to the London conference in December a memo in which they insist on the rights of ethnic Albanians. That Great Albania would encompass Kosovo, western Macedonia with Skopje and Bitola, and on the south the whole Epirus up to Arta. }}</ref>
 
Oko 120 vodećih političara i intelektualaca iz Albanije je prisustvovalo Albanskom Kongresu u Trstu u periodu 27. februar - 6. mart 1913 zahtevajući od Velikih Sila priznanje političke i ekonomske nezavisnosti Albanije.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gazeta-shqip.com/ndryshe/eff5669147fee30b658e83a904e6bca8.html|title=Sotir Kolea, dhunimi i një patrioti (pas vdekjes)|last=Mano|first=Nini|date =July 3,. 7. 2010.|work=Gazeta Shqip}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.albanianlanguage.net/en/noli.html| title= Albanian Voices, 1962 - Fan Noli| first= Robert| last= Elsie| author= Robert Elsie | authorlink= Robert Elsie| publisher= Robert Elsie's personal website| archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.albanianlanguage.net%2Fen%2Fnoli.html&date =2011-01- 21. 01. 2011.| archivedate = January 21,. 1. 2011.| quote= Congress of Trieste which was organized by his friend and rival Faik bey Konitza}}</ref> [[Isa Boljetinac]] i Ismail Ćemali su putovali u London u martu 1913 u cilju pridobijanja podrške Velike Britanije njihovoj novoosnovanoj državi.<ref>{{Citation |last=Herbert |first= Aubrey |author=Aubrey Herbert |authorlink=Aubrey Herbert |coauthors= Desmond MacCarthy |title=Ben Kendim: a record of eastern travel |url=http://www.albanianhistory.net/texts20_1/AH1912_3.html |year= 1924 |publisher=Hutchinson |location= London|oclc=2339120 |quote=In March 1913, Boletini accompanied Ismail Qemal bey Vlora to London to seek British support for the new country.}}</ref> [[Janjina|Janjinu]] su 6. marta zauzele snage [[Kraljevina Grčka|Kraljevine Grčke]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Defeat in Detail: The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913 |last=Erickson |first=Edward J. |year=2003 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=0275978885 | url=http://books.google.com/books?id=3fYuy5iUi_sC |location=Westport, Connecticut|page= 313 | quote =...the fall of Yanya on March 6...}}</ref> U martu 1913 je grupa od 130 (ili 200) vojnika Kraljevine Srbije ubijena u blizini Prizrena od strane Albanskih pobunjenika u osvetničkoj akciji zbog represije koju je organizovala Srpska vojska.<ref>{{Citation |last=Aleksić-Pejković |first=Ljiljana |author=Ljiljana Aleksić-Pejković |title=Naučni skup Srbija 1915. godine |url=http://books.google.rs/books?id=89VmAAAAMAAJ&q=%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+1913&dq=%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0+1913&hl=en&sa=X&ei=9fA3T-aQEsTItAaD9-SeDA&redir_esc=y |year=1986 |month= |publisher= Istorijski institut |location= Belgrade |language= Serbo-Croatian|oclc=18024095 |page=91 |quote=за освету због репресивних мера српске војске марта 1913 масакрирали су на спавању око 130 (или 200) војника једне чете }}</ref>
 
U aprilu 1913 armija Kraljevine Srbije se povukla iz Drača ali je ostala u drugim delovima Albanije. Kraljevina Crna Gora je uspela da zauzme Skadar 23. aprila 1913 posle šestomesečne opsade. Međutim, po završetku rata su Velike Sile prisilile Crnu Goru da se povuče iz Skadra u maju 1913.
Red 301:
| last = Toptani
| authorlink = Essad Pasha Toptani
| date = April 16, 1919
| publisher = Robert Elsie web site
| location = Paris, France
Red 307:
}}</ref> U julu 1913 Ismail Ćemali je bezuspešno pokušao da primiri Toptanija tako što ga je postavio za Ministra spoljnih poslova.<ref>{{Citation |last=Herbert |first=Aubrey |author=Aubrey Herbert |authorlink= Aubrey Herbert |title=Albania's Greatest Friend: Aubrey Herbert and the Making of Modern Albania |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=M_0-QfRL8eMC&pg=PA64&dq=all+albanian+national+congress+1912+vlore&hl=en&ei=0fR4TZbHIJHSsgavu_TuBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAjgU#v=onepage&q&f=false |year=2011 |publisher= I.B. Tauris & Co. |location=London ; New York |isbn=9781848854444 |oclc= 749900667 |page= 119 |quote= The political leadership of Albania was divided. Ismail Kemal had attempted to appease the ambitious landowner and soldier Essad Pasha Toptani by appointing him Minister of Interior in July 1913, but Essad proved uncooperative...}}</ref> Toptani je takođe, kao i Ćemali nešto ranije, bio prisiljen od strane Velikih Sila da se povuče 1. februara 1914.<ref>{{Citation |last=Elsie |first=Robert |author= Robert Elsie |authorlink= Robert Elsie |title= Historical dictionary of Albania |url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/historical-dictionary-of-albania/oclc/454375231&referer=brief_results |year=2010 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |location=Lanham |isbn=9780810873803 |oclc=454375231 |page=448 |chapter= Independent Albania (1912—1944) |chapterurl=http://books.google.rs/books?id=haFlGXIg8uoC&pg=PR59&dq=%22%22Independent+Albania+(1912%22%22robert+elsie&hl=en&sa=X&ei=L6AtT7TZLsT04QS4gcX_DQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Independent%20Albania%20(1912%22&f=false |quote= ... He reluctantly step away when forced to by the Great Powers on 1 February 1914}}</ref>
 
U novembru 1913 pro-Osmanske snage u Albaniji su ponudile Albanski tron ministru rata Osmanskog Carstva [[Ahmed Izet-paša|Izet Paši]], koji je bio poreklom Albanac.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.albanianphotography.net/en/dmm.html | title= Albania under prince Wied | first= Robert | last= Elsie | author= Robert Elsie | authorlink= Robert Elsie | archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.albanianphotography.net%2Fen%2Fdmm.html&date =2011-01- 25. 01. 2011. |quote=pro-Ottoman forces ...were opposed to the increasing Western influence ...In November 1913, these forces, ..., had offered the vacant Albanian throne to General Izzet Pasha ... War Minister who was of Albanian origin. |archivedate = January 25,. 1. 2011. }}</ref> Osmansko Carstvo je poslalo agente da podstiču pobune u nadi da će povratiti Osmanski suverenitet nad Albanijom.<ref>{{cite book | last= Vickers | first= Miranda | title= The Albanians: a modern history | publisher = I.B.Tauris | year= 1999 |quote= ... hopes of restoring Ottoman suzerainty over Albania.... sent agents to encourage insurrection | page=81 |isbn= 978-1860645419 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=IzI0uOZ2j6gC}}</ref> Izet Paša je poslao majora Bećira Grebenalija, takođe Albanca, da bude jedan od njegovih glavnih predstavnika u Albaniji. Privremena vlada pod kontrolom Ismaila Ćemalija je zarobila i likvidirala majora Bećira Grebenalija.
 
== Politika ==
Red 360:
[[File:Shqipenia 16 June 1913.jpg|thumb|100px|Poštanska marka nezavisne Albanije, 16 jun 1913.]]
 
Samo nedelju dana pošto je Albanija deklarisana nezavisnom formirano je njeno prvo Ministarstvo Pošte i Telegrafa na čijem je čelu bio Lef Nosi. Nezavisna Albanija je preuzela pošte Osmanskog carstva i učinila značajne napore da učini poštanske usluge Albanije prepoznatljivima.<ref>{{cite web|title=Postal service in Albania|url=http://www.postashqiptare.al/kreu.php?fq=mesi&gj=en&kid=2|publisher=http://www.postashqiptare.al|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.postashqiptare.al%2Fkreu.php%3Ffq%3Dmesi%26gj%3Den%26kid%3D2&date =2012-02- 09. 02. 2012.|archivedate = 9. February2. 2012.|location=Albania|quote=the Ministry of Post Telegraph Telephone, and the minister was the notable intellectual patriot Lef Nosi. The government of that time took in administration all the post offices inherited from the Ottoman Empire and did rapid efforts for the identification of Albanian postal service.}}</ref> Pošte nezavisne Albanije su upotrebljavale poštanske pečate Osmanskog carstva sve dok ih krajem aprila i početkom maja 1913 nisu zamenili poštanskim pečatima Albanije. Na njima se u gornjem delu nalazilo ime mesta a u donjem delu naziv države Albanije ({{jez-alb|Shqipenie}}).<ref>{{Citation|last=Albanološki institut u Prištini |first=| author=Albanološki institut u Prištini |title=Gjurmime albanologjike, Volume 9, Issues 1-2|year=1970|publisher= Filozofski fakultet u Prištini. Katedra za albanologiju|location=Priština|url=http://books.google.rs/books?ei=Jtg6T9LsLeim4gTS_6HdCg&id=D5riAAAAMAAJ&dq=shqipenie+1913&q=%22+ali+poni%C3%A4tavane+albanskim+prstenastim+zigovima%2C+koji+nose+u+gornjem+delu+prstena+ime+mesta+au+donjem+ime+zemlje+%E2%80%94+%E2%80%9EShqipenie%22.+Zamena+turskih+zigova+novim+albanskim+zigovima+izvrsena+je+pri+kraju+aprila+i+pocetkom+maja+1913.+%22#search_anchor |page=124|language=Serbian|pages= 123, 124 |quote="posle proglasa nezavisnosti upotrebljavane i starim turskim žigovima poništavane marke i dopisnice... i posle ... poništavane albanskim prstenastim zigovima, koji nose u gornjem delu prstena ime mesta a u donjem ime zemlje — „Shqipenie". Zamena turskih zigova novim albanskim zigovima izvrsena je pri kraju aprila i pocetkom maja 1913." }}</ref> Emisija prvih poštanskih maraka Albanije je obavljena 5 maja 1913. Albanija je 7 jula 1913 podnela zvaničan zahtev za prijem u [[Svetski poštanski savez]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Postal service in Albania|url=http://www.postashqiptare.al/kreu.php?fq=mesi&gj=en&kid=2|publisher=http://www.postashqiptare.al|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.postashqiptare.al%2Fkreu.php%3Ffq%3Dmesi%26gj%3Den%26kid%3D2&date =2012-02- 09. 02. 2012.|archivedate = 9. February2. 2012.|location=Albania|quote=on July 7 1913, presented the official demand to be recruited in Universal Postal Union and International Union of Telecommunication, entrance which was performed in 1922...}}</ref> Ovaj zahtev je odbačen a Albanija je postala član Svetskog poštanskog saveza tek 1922.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.upu.int/en/the-upu/member-countries/western-europe/albania.html|publisher=Universal Postal Union|title= Albania|quote=Albania ... Date of entry into the UPU:01-03-1922}}</ref>
 
Kada je Albanija ostvarila nezavisnost od Osmanskog carstva 1912 godine njen pravni sistem je nastavio da funkcioniše po Osmanskom običajnom pravu ({{jez-tur|Mecelle}}) još određeno vreme.<ref>{{Citation |last=Gsovski |first= Vladimir |author=Vladimir Gsovski |coauthors=Kazimierz Grzybowski |title=Government, law, and courts in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe |url=http://books.google.rs/books?ei=Ou4zT6j0DYnj4QS_zOSjAg&id=VVgdAAAAIAAJ&dq=law+in+albania+in+1912+court+justice+government+independent&q=%22During+its+short+existence+as+an+independent+state+Albania+had+evolved+a+modern+system+of+legislation.+In+1912%22#search_anchor |volume=2 |year=1959 |oclc= 6177860 |page=1187 |quote= ... Albania...In 1912, having achieved its independence from the Ottoman Empire, it continued for some time under the Turkish Civil Code (Mejelle)...}}</ref>
Red 369:
 
[[Image:Isa boletini vlora 1912.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Isa Boljetinac]] sa ljudima sa [[Kosovo|Kosova]] na ulicama Valone 1912 godine]]
Grupa boraca sa Kosova predvođenih Isom Boljetincem je bila prvi nukleus oružanih snaga Albanije<ref>{{Citation |title=New Albania |url=http://books.google.rs/books?ei=-IY5T4zGKIjb4QTjo7GhCw&id=rVYoAQAAMAAJ&dq=%22Isa+Boletini%22+%22provisional+government%22&q=%22Isa+Boletini%22+#search_anchor |year= 1989 |publisher=New Albania |location= Tirana |oclc=6335595 |page= 15 |quote= A significant fact is that the Kosovar fighters, headed by the legendary hero Isa Boletini, set out on a long voyage to Vlora and created there the first nucleus of the new Albanian army under the command of the Provisional Government.}}</ref> koje su osnovane 4. decembra 1912.<ref>{{cite web|title=Forcat e Armatosura festojnë 99-vjetorin e krijimit të tyre (Armed forces celebrate their 99th anniversary)|url=http://www.mod.gov.al/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1237%3Aforcat-e-armatosura-festojne-99-vjetorin-e-krijimit-te-tyre&catid=42%3Alajme&Itemid=52&lang=sq|publisher=Ministry of Defence (Albania)|author=Ministry of Defence (Albania)|language=Albanin|date = 5. December12. 2011.|year=2011|quote=Gjeneral brigade Agim Lala, pasi bëri një retrospektivë të shkurtër përsa i përket Forcave të Armatosura që nga krijimi i tyre në 4 Dhjetor të vitit 1912 (Brigadier General Agim Lala, after making a brief retrospective of the terms of the Armed Forces since their creation in December 4, 1912)}}</ref>
 
Snage za sprovođenje zakona (žandarmerija i policija) nezavisne Albanije su osnovane 13. Januara 1913.<ref>{{cite web|title=Historik i shkurtër i Policisë së shtetit shqiptar 1912 – 2007 (Brief History of the Albanian State Police 1912 - 2007)|url=http://www.asp.gov.al/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=181&Itemid=124&lang=sq|publisher=Albanian Police|author=Albanian Police|language=Albanian|quote=Pak javë pasi ishte shpallur shteti shqiptar nga Kuvendi i Vlorës, më 13 janar 1913, qeveria e Ismail Qemalit vendosi krijimin e forcave të rendit. Qeveria ngarkoi për të kryer detyrat e një xhandarmërie ... Funksione administrative i kryente policia...}}</ref> Oko 70 bivših Osmanskih oficira su bili angažovani kao oficiri snaga za sprovođenje zakona nezavisne Albanije. Prvi direktor policije Albanije je bio Halim Gostivarin dok su prvi komandanti žandarmerije bili Alem Tragjasin, Hysni Toskën, Sali Vranishtin and Hajredin Hekalin. Boja uniforme policije Albanije je bila sivozelena sa crveno-crnim okovratnicima.<ref>{{cite web|title=Historik i shkurtër i Policisë së shtetit shqiptar 1912 – 2007 (Brief History of the Albanian State Police 1912 - 2007)|url=http://www.asp.gov.al/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=181&Itemid=124&lang=sq|publisher=Albanian Police|author=Albanian Police|language=Albanian|quote=Xhandarmëria caktoi edhe uniformën e rregullt të saj gri-jeshil, jakën kuq e zi, kësulën pa strehë dhe gradat në pjesën e përparshme të jakës...}}</ref>
Red 384:
 
{{quotation|'''Tačka 1.''' Osniva se Albanija kao autonomna, suverena i nasledna kneževina po pravu primogeniture, što garantuju šest Sila. Kneza će odrediti šest Sila.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.albanianhistory.net/texts20_1/AH1913_2.html| title= The Conference of London| first= Robert | last= Elsie | authorlink= Robert Elsie | archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.albanianhistory.net%2Ftexts20_1%2FAH1913_2.html&date =2011-02- 11. 02. 2011. | archivedate = February 11,. 2. 2011.|year=1913|quote= This decision, reached at the fifty-fourth meeting of the conference on 29 July 1913,..1. Albania is constituted as an autonomous, sovereign and hereditary principality by right of primogeniture, guaranteed by the six Powers. The sovereign will be designated by the six Powers. |ref=harv}}</ref>|Odluka ambasadora šest Velikih Sila doneta 29 jula 1913 tokom 54. sednice ''ambasadorske konferencije''}}
 
Velike Sile su odbile da priznaju Privremenu Vladu Albanije i osnovale su [[Međunarodna kontrolna komisija|Međunarodnu kontrolnu komisiju]] zaduženu da se stara o administraciji novoosnovanom kneževinom do postavljenja novog monarha.<ref>{{harvnb|Jelavich|1999|p=101}}{{quote|Despite the fact that a provisional government under Kemal was in existence, the powers refused to recognize it. Instead they established International Control Commission}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.albanianhistory.net/texts20_1/AH1914_2.html | title= An Uprising in the Six-Month Kingdom | first= Duncan | last= Heaton-Armstrong| author=Duncan Heaton-Armstrong | publisher=Gervase Belfield and Bejtullah Destani (I.B. Tauris, in association with the Centre for Albanian Studies)|year=2005 | archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.albanianhistory.net%2Ftexts20_1%2FAH1914_2.html&date =2011-01- 25. 01. 2011. | archivedate = January 25,. 1. 2011. |page=xiv|quote= The Great Powers... established "International Commission of Control as an interim administration until the new monarch arrived.}}</ref> Prva agencija za sprovođenje zakona nove kneževine je bila Međunarodna Žandarmerija.
 
Mirovnim ugovorom iz Bukurešta, potpisanim 10. avgusta 1913, je stvorena međunarodno priznata Albanija kao nezavisne države.<ref>{{harvnb|Jelavich|1999|p=99}}{{quote|The Threaty of Bucharest of August 1913 ... established independent Albania.}}</ref> Stvaranje Albanske države 1913 godine<ref>{{Citation |last= King |first= Russell |author= Russell King |coauthors= Nicola Mai, Stephanie Schwandner-Sievers |title=The new Albanian migration |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=05Mw4-b9oN0C&pg=PA184&dq=%22THE+CREATION+OF+THE+ALBANIAN+STATE%22&hl=en&ei=hNKBTtDfG4HP4QSn8ZVX&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22THE%20CREATION%20OF%20THE%20ALBANIAN%20STATE%22&f=false|year=2005 |publisher= Sussex Academic Press |location= Brighton, Great Britain ; Portland, Or. |isbn= 9781903900789 |oclc= 56420292 |page= 184 |quote= ... at the time of the creation of Albanian state (1913)}}</ref> posle Balkanskih ratova je bio njihov jedini politički rezultat.<ref>{{Citation |last=Courtney |first=Leonard Henry |author=Leonard Henry Courtney, 1st baron |authorlink= Leonard Courtney, 1st Baron Courtney of Penwith|coauthors= Leonard Henry Courtney of Penwith, Lord.|title= Nationalism and war in the Near East |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=w7sVFA9yu5IC&pg=PA341&dq=%22independence+of+Albania%22&hl=en&ei=FpSBTuLkFcbh4QSrkfxO&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CD0Q6AEwBDgK#v=onepage&q=%22independence%20of%20Albania%22&f=false |origyear=1915 |year= 1971 |publisher= Arno |location= New York |language= |isbn=9780405027420 |oclc= 476724951 |page=341 |quote= While the creation of Albania was the only political result of the Balkan wars... }}</ref>
Red 394:
 
Međunarodna kontrolna komisija je postepeno preuzela administraciju države i 1914. godine pripremila nacrt ustava ({{jez-alb|Statuti Organik}}) koji je imao 216 članova. Ovaj ustav je bio osnova za stvaranje Nacionalne Skupštine sa zakonodavnim ovlašćenjima u Albaniji koja je bila projektovana kao nasledna ustavna monarhija.<ref>{{harvnb|Jelavich|1999|p=101}}{{quote|International Commission prepared a draft constitution. It provided for the establishment of national assembly,...composed of three representatives from...seven administrative districts... chosen by direct suffrage,... heads of three churches and ten nominees of the prince. .... a four year... ministers ..appointed by the prince}}</ref> Po ustavu je nova kneževina trebalo da ima, uz nekoliko izuzetaka, istu administrativnu organizaciju kao tokom Osmanskog Carstva.<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.cecl.gr/RigasNetwork/databank/REPORTS/r23/ZAHARIA.html| title= The post - 1989 constitutional course of south east europe
| first= Perikli| last= Zaharia| date = March 24,. 3. 2003.| work= | publisher= Centre for European Constitutional Law| location= Athens| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cecl.gr%2FRigasNetwork%2Fdatabank%2FREPORTS%2Fr23%2FZAHARIA.html&date =2011-01- 21. 01. 2011.| archivedate = January 22,. 1. 2011.| quote= The Ottoman administrative organization , with few exceptions, remained basically unchanged. }}</ref> Ona je trebalo da bude podeljena na sedam administrativnih područja, u svakom od njih bi bila izabrana tri predstavnika za nacionalnu skupštinu neposrednim izborima. Princ bi imenovao deset predstavnika a vođe sve tri religije (islam, pravoslavlje i katoličanstvo) bi takođe bili članovi nacionalne skupštine čiji mandat bi trajao četiri godine. Knez bi imao pravo da imenuje članove Ministarskog Saveta koji bi imao izvršna ovlašćenja.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.cecl.gr/RigasNetwork/databank/REPORTS/r23/ZAHARIA.html| title= The post - 1989 constitutional course of south east europe
| first= Perikli| last= Zaharia| date = March 24,. 3. 2003. | publisher= Centre for European Constitutional Law| location= Athens| archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cecl.gr%2FRigasNetwork%2Fdatabank%2FREPORTS%2Fr23%2FZAHARIA.html&date =2011-01- 21. 01. 2011.| archivedate = January 22,. 1. 2011.| quote= A Constitution (Statuti Organik) for the new State, consisting of 216 articles, was elaborated in 1914 by the International Commission. Albania was designated as a hereditary constitutional monarchy. The power of legislation was entrusted to a National Assembly, while the executive power was vested in the Council of Ministers, who were to be appointed by the Prince and accountable to him only. }}</ref> Kada je Međunarodna kontrolna komisija 1914 godine uvela monarhističku formu vlasti politički sistem Albanije je postao [[monarhija]].<ref>{{Citation |last=Barjaba |first=Kosta |author= Kosta Barjaba |title= Albania's democratic elections, 1991-1997 : analyses, documents and data |url=http://books.google.rs/books?ei=LjA0T8bHL-uL4gSXmNz0AQ&id=9sEVAQAAIAAJ&dq=%22the+first+albanian+state%22+1912&q=%22Thus%2C+the+first+Albanian+state+can+be+seen+as+a+parliamentary+state+and+not+as+a+monarchy.%22#search_anchor |year= 2004 |publisher=Edition Sigma |location= Berlin |isbn=9783894042370 |oclc= 57567449 |page= 188 |quote=...The Albanian state later became a monarchy. Until the installation of the monarchy,...}}</ref>
 
Najveća grupa Albanaca koji su ostali izvan nove države u bili Albanci sa Kosova, kolevke albanskog nacionalizma u 19 veku.<ref>{{Citation |last=Jürgen Fischer |first=Bernd |author=Bernd Jürgen Fischer |authorlink=Bernd Jürgen Fischer |title=Albania at war, 1939-1945 |url=http://books.google.rs/books?id=vTZnAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA99&dq=flag+day+albania+28+november&hl=en&sa=X&ei=lTUsT7GiKsTXtAaPpuX-DA&sqi=2&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=1913&f=false |year= 1999 |publisher=Purdue University Press |location=West Lafayette, Ind. |isbn=9780585063881 |oclc=42922446|page=70 |quote= When Albania's state boundaries were delineated... in 1913, many Albanians were left outside of the new state. The largest group of unredeemed could be found in Kosova, which had served as cradle of Albanian nationalism in the nineteenth century... }}</ref> [[Treći rajh|Nacistička Nemačka]] i [[Kraljevina Italija|Fašistička Italija]] su iskorišćavale nezadovoljstvo Albanaca nepreciznim etničkim granicama.<ref>{{Citation |last=Jürgen Fischer |first=Bernd |author=Bernd Jürgen Fischer |authorlink=Bernd Jürgen Fischer |title=Albania at war, 1939-1945 |url=http://books.google.rs/books?id=vTZnAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA99&dq=flag+day+albania+28+november&hl=en&sa=X&ei=lTUsT7GiKsTXtAaPpuX-DA&sqi=2&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=1913&f=false |year= 1999 |publisher=Purdue University Press |location=West Lafayette, Ind. |isbn=9780585063881 |oclc=42922446|page=xi |quote= Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany....exploited Albanian dissatisfaction with the country's ethnically imprecise frontiers}}</ref>
Red 403:
Od kada je Albanija 1912 godine deklarisana nezavisnom<ref>{{Citation |last=Elsie |first=Robert |author= Robert Elsie |authorlink= Robert Elsie |title= Historical dictionary of Albania |url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/historical-dictionary-of-albania/oclc/454375231&referer=brief_results |year=2010 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |location=Lanham |isbn=9780810873803 |oclc=454375231 |page=lix |chapter= Independent Albania (1912—1944) |chapterurl=http://books.google.rs/books?id=haFlGXIg8uoC&pg=PR59&dq=%22%22Independent+Albania+(1912%22%22robert+elsie&hl=en&sa=X&ei=L6AtT7TZLsT04QS4gcX_DQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Independent%20Albania%20(1912%22&f=false |quote= ...on 28 November 1912, Albania was finally declared independent. }}</ref> svaki 28. novembar Albanci ma gde živeli u svetu proslavljaju kao svoj Nacionalni praznik (''Dan Albanske Nezavisnosti'' ili ''Dan Zastave'').<ref>{{Citation |last=L Gall |first=Timothy |author=Timothy L Gall |title=Worldmark Encyclopedia of Cultures and Daily Life: Europe |url= http://books.google.rs/books?id=jLhZAAAAYAAJ&q=%22Albanian+Independence+Day%22&dq=%22Albanian+Independence+Day%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=N2syT4S-CM7E4gTE-JDiBA&redir_esc=y |year= 1998 |publisher=Gale |location= Detroit |isbn=9780787605568 |oclc=36694286 |page= 25 |quote= All Albanians, wherever they are located in the world, joyously commemorate November 28 as Albanian Independence Day (Dita e Flamurit), for it was on that day in 1912 in Albanian seacoast town of Vlora, that the venerable Albanian patriot, Ismail Qemali, first raised Albanian red-and-black double headed eagle flag and proclaimed Albanian independence...}}</ref> U [[Albanija|Republici Albaniji]] se proslavlja kao državni praznik. Iako nije zvanično državni praznik Repulika Kosovo je 2011 ovaj dan proglasila praznikom na osnovu specijalne odluke predsednika [[Hashim Thaçi|Hašima Tačija]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Albanians celebrate Flag Day|url=http://infoglobi.com/eng/article/17235|publisher=Info Globi|date=28 November 2011|quote=Kosovo legislation does not include 28 November on the list of official holidays, however under a special decision of the Government PM Hashim Thaci,...today has been announced a holiday.}}</ref>
 
Publikacije sa konferencije posvećene proslavi 70 godina nezavisnosti Albanije organizovane u Novembru 1982 od strane Akademije Nauka Albanije su nosile naziv "Snage nacije protiv imperijalističkog diktata u organizaciji Albanske Države, 1912-1914: Izveštaj"<ref>{{Citation |last=Puto |first= Arben |author= Arben Puto |title=Les forces nationales face au diktat impérialiste dans l'organisation de l'etat Albanais (1912-1914) : rapport : conference nationale consacree au 70e anniversaire de la proclamation de l'independance de l'Albanie, 19 novembre 1982. |url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/forces-nationales-face-au-diktat-imperialiste-dans-lorganisation-de-letat-albanais-1912-1914-rapport-conference-nationale-consacree-au-70e-anniversaire-de-la-proclamation-de-lindependance-de-lalbanie-19-novembre-1982/oclc/500197070&referer=brief_results |year= 1983 |publisher= 8 Nëntori |location= Tiranë |language=French |oclc=500197070 }}</ref> Akademija Nauka Albanije je 1992 organizovala naučnu konferenciju posvećenu osamdesetogodišnjici nezavisne Albanije i objavila dokument pod nazivom "Organizacija vlade, pravnog sistema i vojske Albanije (1912-1914).<ref>{{Citation |author=École Pratique des Hautes Études |title= Sciences historiques et philologiques |url=http://books.google.rs/books?id=mdqz6jQeEA4C&pg=PA44&lpg=PA44&dq=%22+L%27organisation+administrative,+judiciaire+et+militaire+de+l%27Albanie+(1912-1914)%22&source=bl&ots=5v2v-kPArI&sig=gCKAeN_gADt1VHFo4i_FV2HwHVY&hl=en&sa=X&ei=OcU7T_iNIYjb4QSWu8SnBg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22%20L'organisation%20administrative%2C%20judiciaire%20et%20militaire%20de%20l'Albanie%20(1912-1914)%22&f=false |year=1992 |month= |publisher= |location= Paris |language= French |oclc=2513665 |page=44 |quote=Il a présenté une communication sur « L'organisation administrative, judiciaire et militaire de l'Albanie (1912-1914) » au colloque 80 ans d'indépendance albanaise, organisé par l'Académie des Sciences de ce pays en novembre 1992.}}</ref> Stogodišnjica osnivanja Nezavisne Albanije se obeležava 2012 godine.<ref>{{cite news|last=Topi|first=Bamir|title=The address of President Topi to the Nation on New Year’s Eve|url=http://www.noa.al/en/artikull.php?id=132639|newspaper=Albanian National News Agency|date = 31. December12. 2012.|author=Bamir Topi|authorlink=Bamir Topi|agency=Albanian National News Agency|location=Tirana, Albania|month=December|year=2011|quote=The year 2012, dear Albanians, is the most beautiful historic year. The 100th anniversary of the Independence of Albania}}</ref> Na dan otvaranja celogodišnje proslave 17. januara 2012 je održana posebna sednica parlamenta Republike Albanije na kojoj su bili prisutni predstavnici sa teritorija [[Kosovo|Kosova]], [[Makedonija|Makedonije]], [[Crna Gora|Crne Gore]], [[Preševo|Preševa]] i [[Bujanovac|Bujanovca]], zajedno kao što su bili sto godina ranije.<ref>{{cite web|title=100th anniversary of independence|url=http://top-channel.tv/english/artikull.php?id=4422|publisher=TOP Channel Shqip|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Ftop-channel.tv%2Fenglish%2Fartikull.php%3Fid%3D4422&date =2012-02- 11. 02. 2012.|archivedate = 11. February2. 2012.|location=Albania|year=2012|quote=The Albanian Parliament opened with a solemn ceremony the 100th year of Albania’s independence. January 17th was chosen as the opening day for the celebration of the 100th anniversary of independence, since it is the day when the Albanian National hero, Gjergj Kastrioti Skenderbeu died, who symbolizes the unification of all Albanians...Representatives from Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro, Presheva and Bujanovci were present in the Albanian Parliament, without partial distinctions, together, as six centuries ago and as 100 years ago,.}}</ref> ''Ministarstvo za turizam, pitanja kulture, omladine i sporta'' Republike Albanije je 22. decembra 2011 godine objavilo ''"Međunarodno takmičenje za izradu spomenika posvećenog stogodišnjici Deklaracije Nezavisnosti Albanije: 28. novembar 1912 – 28. novembar 2012"''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Competition announcement|url=http://www.iictirana.esteri.it/NR/rdonlyres/3292E0F7-FB2F-4A2F-85E0-EF35175F071D/92752/GARAMONUMENTOCENTENARIOINDIPENDENZA1.pdf|publisher=Republic of Albania, Ministry of Tourism, Culture, Youth and Sports; National Gallery of Arts|author=Republic of Albania, Ministry of Tourism, Culture, Youth and Sports; National Gallery of Arts|page=1|year=2011|quote=Today, on 23.12.2011, in reliance on the Order of the Minister of Tourism, Culture, Youth and Sports No 289, dated 22.12.2011 on “Announcement of competition for the accomplishment in sculpture the monumental work dedicated to the “100 anniversary of the Declaration of Independence of the Albanian State: 28 November 1912 – 28 November 2012”.}}</ref>
 
== Galerija ==
Red 428:
== Izvori ==
* {{citation|url= http://www.ermenji.org/historia/chap23.html |title= Vendi që zë Skënderbeu në historinë e Shqiperisë |last1=Ermenji |first1=Abas|author=Abas Ermenji| authorlink=Abas Ermenji |year=1968|publisher= Komiteti Kombëtar Demokrat 'Shqipnija ë Lirë'|location=Paris |oclc= 504152562|ref=harv }}
* {{CitationCite book|last=Schmidt-Neke|first=Michael|title=Enstehung und Ausbau der Königsdiktatur in Albanien, 1912-1939|url=http://books.google.rs/books?id=vpIFsca3lKYC&pg=PA25&dq=Mehmet+Pash%C3%AB+Derralla&hl=en&sa=X&ei=llcuT8zfC8jqOcWVmZgO&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Mehmet%20Pash%C3%AB%20Derralla&f=false|year=1987|publisher=Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag|isbn=9783486543216|ref=harv}}
* {{CitationCite book |last= Jelavich |first= Barbara |author= Barbara Jelavich|title=History of the Balkans: Twentieth century |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Hd-or3qtqrsC&pg=PA100&dq=albanian+congress+in+trieste+1913&hl=en&ei=Su45Tdn6K4al8QPo7ajBCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q&f=false |volume=2 |origyear= 1983 |year= 1999 |publisher= The Press Syndicate of University of Cambridge |location= Cambrige, United Kingdom |isbn= 0-521-27459-1|ref=harv}}
* {{CitationCite book| last = Vickers | first = Miranda | title = The Albanians: a modern history | publisher = I.B.Tauris | year = 1999 |isbn = 978-1860645419 | url =http://books.google.rs/books?id=IzI0uOZ2j6gC&pg=PA66&dq=albania+1912+government+isa+boletini&hl=en&sa=X&ei=348tT_38CZGK4gTkvZStDg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=albania%201912%20government%20isa%20boletini&f=false|ref=harv}}
* {{citationCite book |url=http://www.albanianhistory.net/texts20_1/AH1912_1.html |title= Dokumenta historike për t'i shërbye historiës tone kombëtare. |first= Lef |last= Nosi |author= Lef Nosi |authorlink=Lef Nosi|isbn= 9789995610043 |oclc= 230208965|publisher=Instituti i Historisë |location= Tirana|year=2007|ref=harv}}
* {{CitationCite book| last= Giaro | first= Tomasz | title= Modernisierung durch Transfer zwischen den Weltkriegen| url= http://books.google.com/books?id=dmrRCdTQBTcC&pg=PA185&dq=Provisional+government+of+vlore+december+4+1912&hl=en&ei=x5k9TeLYM83A8QO_qMisCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=Provisional%20government%20of%20vlore%20december%204%201912&f=false | year= 2007| publisher = Vittorio Klosterman GmbH | location= Frankfurt am Main, Germany| isbn = 978-3-465-04017-0 | chapter= The Albanian legal and constitutional system between the World Wars |ref=harv |ref=harv}}
 
{{Nezavisna Albanija|state=expanded}}
Izvor: https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nezavisna_Albanija