Naučna metoda – razlika između verzija
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[[Image:Scientific method-sr.svg|mini|desno|220px|Algoritam za postavljanje teorije naučnim metodom]]
'''Naučni metod''' označava proces kojim naučnici dolaze do [[Kognicija|spoznaja]] o određenim fenomenima putem postavljanja [[Hipoteza|pretpostavki]] te njihovog provjeravanja kroz [[eksperiment]]e.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Max Born |year=1949 |title=Natural Philosophy of Cause and Chance |publisher=Peter Smith |url=http://ia600301.us.archive.org/13/items/naturalphilosoph032159mbp/naturalphilosoph032159mbp.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Alfred Scharff Goldhaber, Michael Martin Nieto |date=January–March 2010|title=Photon and graviton mass limits|journal=Rev. Mod. Phys.|volume=82|pages=939|publisher=American Physical Society|doi=10.1103/RevModPhys.82.939 |pages=939-979}}</ref> Da bi imao naučni karakter, istraživački metod mora biti zasnovan na prikupljanju primetne, [[Empirizam|empirijske]] i [[merenje|merljive]] evidencije.<ref name="urlNewtons Philosophy">{{cite web | url = http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/newton-philosophy/ | title = Newton's Philosophy (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) | author = | authorlink = | coauthors = | date = | format = | work = | publisher = | pages = | language = | archiveurl = | archivedate = | quote = | accessdate = }}</ref> Naučni metod je: „metod postupaka koji su osobeni za prirodne nauke od [[17. vek]]a, i koji se sastoje od sistematskih posmatranja, merenja i eksperimenta, kao i formulacije, testiranja i menjanje hipoteza“.<ref name="urldefinition of scientific from Oxford Dictionaries Online">{{cite web | url = http://oxforddictionaries.com/view/entry/m_en_us1287829#m_en_us1287829 | title = Definition of scientific from Oxford Dictionaries Online | author = | authorlink = | coauthors = | date = | format = | work = | publisher = | pages = | language = | archiveurl = | archivedate = | quote = | accessdate = }}</ref>
'''Metod''' je u [[teorija|teoriji]] [[saznanje|saznanja]] i nauci, [[sistem]]atski, objektivan način dolaska do nedvosmislenog [[odgovor]]a na postavljene hipoteze. Postoji više vrsta podela [[metoda]] od kojih su najpoznatije metode u prirodnim i društvenim [[nauka]]ma.
== Reference ==
{{reflist|2}}
== Dodatna literatura ==
{{Refbegin|2}}
* {{RSR}}
* Bauer, Henry H., ''Scientific Literacy and the Myth of the Scientific Method'', University of Illinois Press, Champaign, IL, 1992
* Beveridge, William I. B., ''The Art of Scientific Investigation'', Heinemann, Melbourne, Australia, 1950.
* Bernstein, Richard J., ''Beyond Objectivism and Relativism: Science, Hermeneutics, and Praxis'', University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, PA, 1983.
* Bozinovski, Stevo, ''Consequence Driven Systems: Teaching, Learning, and Self-Learning Agents'', GOCMAR Publishers, Bitola, Macedonia, 1991.
* Brody, Baruch A. and Capaldi, Nicholas, [http://books.google.com/books?id=d1heAAAAIAAJ&pgis=1 ''Science: Men, Methods, Goals: A Reader: Methods of Physical Science''], W. A. Benjamin, 1968
* Brody, Baruch A., and Grandy, Richard E., ''Readings in the Philosophy of Science'', 2nd edition, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1989.
* Burks, Arthur W., ''Chance, Cause, Reason — An Inquiry into the Nature of Scientific Evidence'', University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 1977.
* Alan Chalmers. ''What is this thing called science?''. Queensland University Press and Open University Press, 1976.
* Chomsky, Noam, ''Reflections on Language'', Pantheon Books, New York, NY, 1975.
* {{Cite book |ref= harv|last=Crick|first=Francis|authorlink= |title=What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific Discovery |year=1988|location=New York|publisher=Basic Books| id=ISBN 0-465-09137-7}}.
* Dewey, John, ''How We Think'', D.C. Heath, Lexington, MA, 1910. Reprinted, Prometheus Books, Buffalo, NY, 1991.
* Earman, John (ed.), ''Inference, Explanation, and Other Frustrations: Essays in the Philosophy of Science'', University of California Press, Berkeley & Los Angeles, CA, 1992.
* Fraassen, Bas C. van, ''The Scientific Image'', Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 1980.
* {{Cite book |ref= harv|last=Franklin |first=James |author-link= |year=2009|title=What Science Knows: And How It Knows It|location=New York|publisher=Encounter Books| isbn=1594032076}}.
* Gadamer, Hans-Georg, ''Reason in the Age of Science'', Frederick G. Lawrence (trans.), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1981.
* Giere, Ronald N. (ed.), ''Cognitive Models of Science'', vol. 15 in 'Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science', University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN, 1992.
* Hacking, Ian, ''Representing and Intervening, Introductory Topics in the Philosophy of Natural Science'', Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1983.
* Heisenberg, Werner, ''Physics and Beyond, Encounters and Conversations'', A.J. Pomerans (trans.), Harper and Row, New York, NY 1971, pp. 63–64.
* Holton, Gerald, ''Thematic Origins of Scientific Thought, Kepler to Einstein'', 1st edition 1973, revised edition, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1988.
* Kuhn, Thomas S., ''The Essential Tension, Selected Studies in Scientific Tradition and Change'', University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 1977.
* Latour, Bruno, ''Science in Action, How to Follow Scientists and Engineers through Society'', Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1987.
* Losee, John, ''A Historical Introduction to the Philosophy of Science'', Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 1972. 2nd edition, 1980.
* Maxwell, Nicholas, ''The Comprehensibility of the Universe: A New Conception of Science'', Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998. Paperback 2003.
* Maclyn McCarty (1985) The Transforming Principle: Discovering that genes are made of DNA. New York: W. W. Norton. 252 p. ISBN 0-393-30450-7. Memoir of a researcher in the Avery–MacLeod–McCarty experiment.
* McComas, William F., ed. {{PDFlink|[http://coehp.uark.edu/pase/TheMythsOfScience.pdf The Principal Elements of the Nature of Science: Dispelling the Myths]|189 KB}}, from ''The Nature of Science in Science Education'', pp53–70, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands 1998.
* Misak, Cheryl J., ''Truth and the End of Inquiry, A Peircean Account of Truth'', Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 1991.
* Newell, Allen, ''Unified Theories of Cognition'', Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1990.
* Piattelli-Palmarini, Massimo (ed.), ''Language and Learning, The Debate between Jean Piaget and Noam Chomsky'', Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1980.
* Popper, Karl R., ''Unended Quest, An Intellectual Autobiography'', Open Court, La Salle, IL, 1982.
* Putnam, Hilary, ''Renewing Philosophy'', Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1992.
* Rorty, Richard, ''Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature'', Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1979.
* Salmon, Wesley C., ''Four Decades of Scientific Explanation'', University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN, 1990.
* Shimony, Abner, ''Search for a Naturalistic World View: Vol. 1, Scientific Method and Epistemology, Vol. 2, Natural Science and Metaphysics'', Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1993.
* Thagard, Paul, ''Conceptual Revolutions'', Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1992.
* Ziman, John (2000). ''Real Science: what it is, and what it means''. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
{{Refend}}
==Spoljašnje veze==
{{Commonscat|Scientific method}}
* [http://www.geo.sunysb.edu/esp/files/scientific-method.html Uvod u naučno mišljenje i naučni metod]
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