Kvantna mehanika – razlika između verzija

 

Brighter areas correspond to higher [[probability amplitude|probability density]] for a position measurement. Wavefunctions like these are directly comparable to [[Chladni's figures]] of [[acoustics|acoustic]] modes of vibration in [[classical physics]] and are indeed modes of oscillation as well: they possess a sharp energy and thus a sharp frequency. The angular momentum and energy are [[quantization (physics)|quantized]], and only take on discrete values like those shown (as is the case for [[Resonant frequency|resonant frequencies]] in acoustics).-->]]

== Uvod ==

 

 

<!--{{main|Introduction to quantum mechanics}}

 

Quantum mechanics was initially developed to explain the atom, especially the [[spectrum|spectra]] of light emitted by different atomic species. The quantum theory of the atom developed as an explanation for the electron's staying in its [[atomic orbital|orbital]], which could not be explained by Newton's laws of motion and by classical electromagnetism.

Broadly speaking, quantum mechanics incorporates four classes of phenomena that classical physics cannot account for: (i) the [[quantization (physics)|quantization]] (discretization) of [[Canonical conjugate variables|certain physical quantities]], (ii) [[wave-particle duality]], (iii) the [[uncertainty principle]], and (iv) [[quantum entanglement]]. Each of these phenomena will be described in greater detail in subsequent sections.

 

 

Because everything is composed of quantum-mechanical particles, the laws of classical physics must approximate the laws of quantum mechanics in the appropriate limit. This is often expressed by saying that in case of large [[quantum number]]s quantum mechanics "reduces" to classical mechanics and classical electromagnetism. This requirement is called the [[correspondence principle|correspondence, or classical limit]].-->

== Teorija ==

 

 

<!--In this formulation, the [[quantum state|instantaneous state of a quantum system]] encodes the probabilities of its measurable properties, or "[[observable]]s". Examples of observables include [[energy]], [[position]], [[momentum]], and [[angular momentum]]. Observables can be either [[Continuous function|continuous]] (e.g., the position of a particle) or [[Discrete mathematics|discrete]] (e.g., the energy of an electron bound to a hydrogen atom).

 

 

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{{Main|Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics}}

 

 

 

<!--The fundamental rules of quantum mechanics are very broad. They state that the state space of a system is a [[Hilbert space]] and the observables are [[Hermitian operators]] acting on that space, but do not tell us which Hilbert space or which operators. These must be chosen appropriately in order to obtain a quantitative description of a quantum system. An important guide for making these choices is the [[correspondence principle]], which states that the predictions of quantum mechanics reduce to those of classical physics when a system moves to higher energies or equivalently, larger quantum numbers. This "high energy" limit is known as the ''classical'' or ''correspondence limit''. One can therefore start from an established classical model of a particular system, and attempt to guess the underlying quantum model that gives rise to the classical model in the correspondence limit.

 

 

 

 

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<!--*[[Quantum electrochemistry]]

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<!--*[[Quantum information]]

*[[Quantum mind]]

 

 

 

 

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* [http://www.hinduism.co.za/hinduism.htm Hinduism & Quantum Physics]

* [http://wwf.edula.com Invariantology and Quantum Physics]

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