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U dvadesetom vijeku, historičari su opovrgavali validnost koncepta renesanse kao jedinstvene reakcije na "mračno doba" srednjovjekovnog, kao jasnog razlaza od prošlosti<ref name=Thomas2012pp185-7/> i kao jedinstvenog pokreta.<ref name=Wormald1991p56>J. Wormald, ''Court, Kirk, and Community: Scotland, 1470–1625'' (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991), {{ISBN|0-7486-0276-3}}, str. 56.</ref> Umjesto toga naglašavali su mnoge intelektualne trendove i pokrete koji su došli prije nje, kao što je [[renesansa dvanaestog vijeka]] na kojoj je ona izgrađena. Nekada je također bilo često da historičari predlažu da je Škotska imala malo do nikakvog sudjelovanja u renesansi. U novije doba, značajne promjene u intelektualnom i kulturološkom životu tog perioda smatraju se formiranjem razvođa u škotskoj kulturološkoj historiji. Smatralo se da je to otvorilo put ka reformaciji i kasnije modernizaciji misli i društvenog života u [[Age of Enlightenment|Enlightenment]] i [[Industrial Revolution]], kojima je Škotska dala značajan doprinos.<ref name=Thomas2012pp185-7/>
== Dvor i kraljevstvo ==
==Court and kingship==
{{Main|Government in Medieval Scotland}}
[[File:Linlithgowpalace 180609 - 03.jpg|thumb|right|[[Linlithgow Palace]], rebuilt for [[James V]] to suggest an open-air Renaissance courtyard|alt=A red stone courtyard with a doorway in the middle background and an ornate fountain in the mid-ground.]]
TheDvor courtje wasbio centralcentralan toza thepokroviteljstvo patronagei andširenje disseminationrenesansnih ofdjela Renaissancei works and ideasideja. ItTakođer wasje alsobio centralcentralan toza theizvođenje stagingraskošnog ofprikaza lavishkoji displayje thatprikazivao portrayedpolitičku thei politicalreligijsku and religious role of theulogu monarchymonarhije. ThisTaj displayprikaz wasčesto oftense tiedpovezivao upsa with ideas ofidejama [[chivalry|viteštva]], whichkoje wasje evolvingu intom thisperiodu periodevoluiralo fromiz apraktičnog practicalvojnog militaryetosa ethosu intoviše aornamentalan morei ornamentalpočastan and honorific cultkult. ItVukao sawje itsporijeklo originsiz inklasične theere, classicalpri era,čemu withsu [[Hector of Troy]], [[Alexander the Great]] andi [[Julius Caesar]] oftenčesto depictedprikazivani askao proto-knightsprotovitezovi. [[Tournament (medieval)|TournamentsTurniri]] providedsu onepružali focusjedan offokus displayprikaza, thepri mostčemu famoussu beingnajpoznatiji thosebili ofDivlji thevitez Wild Knight iniz 1507. andi theCrna Blackdama Lady iniz 1508. underpod [[James IV of Scotland|JamesJamesom IV]]. TheyTakođer wereih alsoje pursuedsa enthusiasticallyentuzijazmom byodržavao [[James V of Scotland|James V]] whokoji je, proudponosan ofna hissvoje membershipčlanstvo ofu internationalmeđunarodnim ordersviteškim of knighthoodredovima, displayedprikazivao theirnjihove insigniaoznake onna thekapiji Gateway atPalače Linlithgow Palace.<ref name=Thomas2012pp192-3/>
DuringTokom hersvoje briefkratke personal rulevladavine, [[Mary, Queen of Scots]] broughtdonijela withje hersa manysobom ofmnoge thesložene elaboratedvorske courtaktivnosti activitiessa thatkojima sheje hadodrasla grownna upfrancuskom with at the French courtdvoru. SheUvela introducedje ballsbalove, masquesmaskenbale andi celebrationsproslave designedkoje tosu illustratepokazivale thepreporod resurgencemonarhije ofi thepodržale monarchynacionalno and to facilitate national unityjedinstvo. TheNajsloženiji mostdogađaj elaboratebilo eventje waskrštenje thebudućeg baptism of the future JamesJamesa VI. atu [[Stirling Castle]] in 1566. godine, organisedkoje byje herorganizirao Frenchnjen servantfrancuski sluga [[Bastian Pagez]]. ThisOno combinedje complexuključivalo imagerysloženu ikonografiju, incorporatingzajedno classicalsa themesklasičnim of thetemama goddessbožice [[Astraea (mythology)|AstraeaAstraee]] andi the revival of theoživljavanja classicalklasičnog goldenzlatnog agedoba, withsa the chivalry of theviteštvom [[Round Table]]. TheZa ceremonyceremonijom wasuslijedio followedje by a banquetbanket, huntslovovi, feastinggozbe, poetrypjesništvo, danceples andi theatreteatar, cumulating in akulminirajući stagedpriređenom siegeopsadom andi fireworksvatrometima.<ref name=Thomas2012pp192-3>A. Thomas, "The Renaissance", inu T. M. Devine andi J. Wormald, ''The Oxford Handbook of Modern Scottish History'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), {{ISBN|0-19-162433-0}}, ppstr. 192–3.</ref> TheDvor courtse returnedvratio tokao beingcentar akulture centrei ofučenja culturepod andvladavinom learning under JamesJamesa VI. HeOn cultivatedje theodržavao imageimidž ofkralja a philosopher kingfilozofa, evokingdozivajući the models ofmodele [[David]]a, [[Solomon]]a andi [[Constantine the Great|ConstantineKonstantina]], thatšto werese seenmoglo invidjeti hisu njegovom [[Royal entry|"joyousradosnom entryulasku"]] intou Edinburgh in 1579. Thegodine. grandestNajveći eventdogađaj ofnjegove hisvladavine reignbilo wasje the baptism ofkrštenje hisnjegovog sonsina andi heirnasljednika [[Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales|PrincePrinca HenryHenryja]] in 1595. Forgodine. thisZa theto Chapelje Royalkraljevska atkapela Stirlingu Castlezamku wasStirling rebuiltpreuređena tokako mirrorbi theodražavala proportions of theproporcije [[Temple of Solomon|Solomonovog hrama]]. ThereZapočeta wereje threetrodnevna days of feastinggozba, aturnir stagedi tournamentmaskenbal and a masque featuring asa [[ship of state]] crewedčija bysu posada bila [[List of Greek mythological figures|classicalklasična deitiesbožanstva]] andi [[muse]]s. MastermindedIsplanirano byod strane [[William Fowler (makar)|WilliamWilliama FowlerFowlera]], itbilo wasje pointedlydizajnirano designedda toizgradi buildsliku thekralja imagei ofpodrži thenjegovo kingpravo and support his claim to thena Englishengleski andi Irishirski thronesprijesto.<ref name=Thomas2012p200>A. Thomas, "The Renaissance", inu T. M. Devine andi J. Wormald, ''The Oxford Handbook of Modern Scottish History'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), {{ISBN|0-19-162433-0}}, pstr. 200.</ref>
[[File:James V groat 1526 1704.jpg|thumb|left|[[Groat (coin)|Groat]] of James V, showing him wearing an imperial [[closed crown]]|alt=Images of a silver coin: one side showing a crowned king and the other the heraldic lion rampant of Scotland on a shield, both surrounded by writing.]]
NewNove ideasideje alsotakođer affectedsu viewsutjecale ofna poglede governmentvlade, describedopisane askao newnove orili Renaissancerenesansne monarchymonarhije, whichkoja emphasisedje thenaglašavala status and significance ofi theznačaj monarchmonarha. ThePrincip Romanrimskog Lawprava principleda thatje "akralj kingcar isu emperorvlastitom in his own kingdomkraljevstvu", canmože bese seenvidjeti inu ScotlandŠkotskoj fromod thesredine mid-fifteenthpetnaestog centuryvijeka. InParlament je 1469. Parliamentproveo passedčin ankojim actje declaringproglašeno thatda [[James III of Scotland|James III]] possessedposjeduje "fullpunu jurisdictionjurisdikciju andi empirecarevanje withinunutar hissvoje realmkraljevine". FromOd the1480-ih 1480s, the king'skraljeva imageslika onna hisnjegovim silversrebrnim [[groat (coin)|groat]]s showedprikazivala himga wearingje asa closedzatvorenom, arched,povijenom [[imperial crown]], inumjesto place of the openotvorenog [[circlet]] ofsrednjovjekovnih medieval kingskraljeva, probablyvjerojatno theprva firstslika coinna imagekovanici ofsvoje itsvrste kindizvan outside ItalyItalije. ItUbrzo soonse beganpočela topojavljivati appearu in heraldryheraldici, onna royalkraljevskim sealspečatima, manuscriptsrukopisima, sculpturesskulpturama andi askao [[crown steeple]]s onna churchescrkvama withsa royalvezama connectionssa kraljem, askao što atje [[St. Giles Cathedral]], Edinburgh.<ref name=Thomas2012p188/> ThePrvi firstškotski Scottishmonarh monarchkoji toje wearnosio suchtakvu akrunu crownbio wasje James V., whosečija diademje wasdijadema reworkedperađena tokako includebi archessadržavala ini lukove 1532. Theygodine. wereUključeni includedsu whenkada itje was reconstructed inrekonstruirana 1540. godine, subsistingopstajući in theu [[Crown of Scotland]]. TheIdeja ideacarske ofmonarhije imperialnaglašavala monarchyje emphasiseddostojanstvo thekrune dignityi ofuključivala thenjenu crownulogu andkao includedujedinjujuće itsnacionalne role as a unifying national forcesnage, defendingbraneći nationaldržavne bordersgranice andi interestsinterese, royalkraljevsku supremacynadmoć over the law andnad azakonom distinctivei nationalistaknutu churchdržavnu withincrkvu theunutar Catholickatoličke communionpričesti.<ref name=Thomas2012p188>A. Thomas, "The Renaissance", inu T. M. Devine andi J. Wormald, ''The Oxford Handbook of Modern Scottish History'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), {{ISBN|0-19-162433-0}}, pstr. 188.</ref> NewNova Monarchymonarhija cantakođer alsose bemože seenvidjeti inu theoslanjanju reliancekrune of the crown onna "[[new men]]" ratherumjesto thanvelikih the great magnatesmagnata, theupotrebu usesveštenstva ofkao the clergy as a form ofoblika civildržavne serviceslužbe, the development ofrazvoj [[standing army|standingstojećih armedoružanih forcessnaga]] and ai [[Royal Scottish Navy|navymornarice]].<ref>J. D. Mackie, B. Lenman and G. Parker, [https://books.google.com/books?id=jGYDyP0xkFcC&pg=PT150&dq=renaissance+scotland+monarchy&hl=En&ei=-D2dT_iHIaPN0QXwrJDlDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=book-thumbnail&resnum=3&ved=0CEcQ6wEwAg#v=onepage&q=renaissance%20scotland%20monarchy&f=false ''A History of Scotland''] (London: Penguin, 1991), {{ISBN|0-14-013649-5}}.</ref> TheUvećanje aggrandisementmonarhije ofdoseglo theje monarchysvoj reachednajveći itsuspon apogeeu inrazvoju koncepta carske vladavine u [[Jamesdivine VIright andof Ikings|Jamesbožansko VIpravo]]'s development of the concept of imperial rule intopod avladavinom [[divineJames rightVI ofand kingsI|divineJamesa rightVI]].<ref name=Thomas2012p200/>
==Education==
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