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''[[Rhea pennata]]'' <small>Darwin's rhea</small>
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The '''rheas''' {{IPAc-en|'|r|iː|.|ə}} are large [[ratites]] ([[flightless bird]]s without a keel on their [[sternum]] bone) in the order ''Rheiformes'', native to [[South America]], related to the [[ostrich]] and [[emu]]. There are two extant species: the [[Greater rhea|greater or American rhea]] (''Rhea americana'') and the [[Darwin's rhea|lesser or Darwin's rhea]] (''[[Rhea pennata]]''). Both are currently rated as near-threatened in their native ranges; a feral population of the greater rhea in Germany appears to be growing.
==Etymology==
The genus name was given in 1752 by [[Paul Möhring]] and adopted as the [[English language|English]] common name. Möhring named the rhea based on the [[Greek Titans|Greek Titan]] [[Rhea (Titan)|Rhea]], whose name is derived from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ''Rhea'' ({{lang|el|῾Ρέα}}) from έρα "ground". This was fitting, the rhea being a flightless ground bird. Depending on the South American region, the rhea is known locally as ''ñandú guazu'' ([[Guaraní language|Guaraní]], meaning big spider, most probably in relation to their habit of opening and lowering alternate wings when they run), ''ema'' ([[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]), ''suri'' ([[Aymara language|Aymara]] and [[Southern Quechua|Quechua]]),<ref>{{Ref Bertonio}}</ref><ref>{{Ref Laime}}</ref> or ''choique'' ([[Mapudungun language|Mapudungun]]). Nandu is the common name in many European languages.
==Taxonomy
[[File:Rhea dustbathing at Marwell zoo.JPG|thumb|right|Greater rheas (''[[Rhea americana]]'') dustbathing. The two individuals on the left are [[leucistic]].]]
The two recognized extant species and eight subspecies are:<ref name="Clements, James">{{Cite book|last1=Clements |first1=James |title=The Clements Checklist of the Birds of the World |edition=6 |year=2007 |publisher= Cornell University Press|location=Ithaca, NY |isbn=9780801445019}}</ref>
**''R. a. americana'', found in the [[cerrado]]s (bushlands) and [[caatinga]] of central and eastern [[Brazil]].
**''R. a. intermedia'', southeastern [[Brazil]] in [[Rio Grande do Sul]] and [[Uruguay]].
**''R. a. nobilis'', eastern [[Paraguay]], east of [[Rio Paraguay]].
**''R. a. araneipes'', chaco of Paraguay to [[Bolivia]] and [[Mato Grosso]] in Brazil.
**''R. a. albescens'', plains of [[Argentina]] south of [[Rio Negro Province|Rio Negro]].
*Darwin's rhea or lesser rhea ''Rhea pennata''
**''R. p. garleppi'', [[Puna grassland|puna]] of southeastern [[Peru]], southwestern Bolivia, and northwestern Argentina.
**''R. p. tarapacensis'', northern [[Chile]] from [[Atacama]] to [[Tarapacá Region|Tarapacá]].
**''R. p. pennata'', [[Patagonian]] [[steppes]] in southern Argentina and southern Chile.
''Rhea pennata'' was not always in the ''Rhea'' genus. In 2008, the [[American Ornithologists' Union|SACC]], the last holdout, approved the merging of the genera, ''Rhea'' and ''Pterocnemia'' on August 7, 2008. This merging of genera leaves only the ''Rhea'' genus.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCProproster.html | title=Classification of birds of South America Part 01: | accessdate=4 February 2009 | last=Remsen Jr. | first=J. V. |author2=et al. |date = 7 August 2008 |page= Proposal#348| work=South American Classification Committee | publisher=American Ornithologists' Union }}</ref> A third species of rhea, ''Rhea nana'', was described by [[Richard Lydekker|Lydekker]] in 1894 based on a single [[egg (biology)|egg]] found in [[Patagonia]],<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Knox |first1=A. |last2=Walters |first2=M. |title=Extinct and Endangered Birds in the Collections of the Natural History Museum |series= British Ornithologists' Club Occasional Publications |volume=1 |year=1994 |publisher= British Ornithologists' Club }}</ref> but today no major authorities consider it valid.
== Reference ==
{{Reflist}}
== Literatura ==
Linija 70 ⟶ 56:
== Vanjske veze ==
{{Commons category|Rhea (genus)}}
*[http://ibc.lynxeds.com/family/rheas-rheidae Rhea videos] on the Internet Bird Collection
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