Tečno agregatno stanje – razlika između verzija

Liquids have little [[compressibility]]. Water, for example, will compress by only 46.4 parts per million for every unit increase in atmospheric pressure (bar).<ref>[http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/tables/compress.html Compressibility of Liquids]</ref> At around 4000 bar (58,000 psi) of pressure, at room temperature, water only experiences an 11% decrease in volume.<ref name="ReferenceA">''Intelligent Energy Field Manufacturing: Interdisciplinary Process Innovations'' By Wenwu Zhang -- CRC Press 2011 Page 144</ref> In the study of [[fluid dynamics]], liquids are often treated as [[incompressible]], especially when studying [[incompressible flow]]. This incompressible nature makes a liquid suitable for transmitting hydraulic power, because very little of the energy is lost in the form of compression.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> However, the very slight compressibility does lead to other phenomena. The banging of pipes, called [[water hammer]], occurs when a valve is suddenly closed, creating a huge pressure-spike at the valve that travels backward through the system. Another phenomenon caused by liquid's incompressibility is [[cavitation]], where liquid in an area of low pressure vaporizes and forms bubbles, which then collapse as they enter high pressure areas. This causes liquid to fill the cavity left by the bubble with tremendous, localized force, eroding any adjacent solid surface.<ref>''Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines'' by S. C. Gupta -- Dorling-Kindersley 2006 Page 85</ref>