|
| Preko 8 latitudnih stepeni || Veoma veliki<ref name="JTWCsize">{{cite web|url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/JTWC/frequently-asked-questions-1#tcsize|title=Q: What is the average size of a tropical cyclone?|year=2009|publisher= Joint Typhoon Warning Center |accessdate=May 7, 2009}}</ref>
|}
There are a variety of metrics commonly used to measure storm size. The most common metrics include the radius of maximum wind, the radius of 34-knot wind (i.e. [[Gale|gale force]]), the radius of outermost closed [[isobar (meteorology)|isobar]] ([[Radius of outermost closed isobar|ROCI]]), and the radius of vanishing wind.<ref name="Global">{{cite web|url=http://www.cawcr.gov.au/publications/BMRC_archive/tcguide/ch2/ch2_4.htm|title=Global Guide to Tropical Cyclone Forecasting: chapter 2: Tropical Cyclone Structure|date=May 7, 2009|publisher= Bureau of Meteorology |accessdate=May 6, 2009}}</ref><ref name="Chavas Emanuel GRL">{{cite doi|10.1029/2010GL044558}}</ref> An additional metric is the radius at which the cyclone's relative [[vorticity]] field decreases to 1×10<sup>−5</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>.<ref name="Liu / Chan AMS">{{cite doi|10.1175/1520-0493(1999)127<2992:SOTCAI>2.0.CO;2 }}</ref> ▼
▲TherePostoji areniz ašikoko varietykorišćenih ofnačina metricsizražavanje commonlyveličine used to measure storm sizeoluje. TheNajčešće mostkorišćeni commonobuhvataju metricsprečnik includei themaksimalnu radiusbrzinu of maximum windvetra, theprečnik radiusvetra ofod 34- knot windčvorova (i.e. [[ GaleBura| galesile forceoluje]]), theprečnik radiusnajudaljenije of outermost closedzatvorene [[ isobar (meteorology)izolinija| isobarizobare]] ([[ Radius ofPrečnik outermostnajudaljenije closedzatvorene isobarizobare|ROCI]]), andprečnik thenestajanja radius of vanishing windvetra.<ref name="Global">{{cite web|url=http://www.cawcr.gov.au/publications/BMRC_archive/tcguide/ch2/ch2_4.htm|title=Global Guide to Tropical Cyclone Forecasting: chapter 2: Tropical Cyclone Structure|date=May 7, 2009|publisher= Bureau of Meteorology |accessdate=May 6, 2009}}</ref><ref name="Chavas Emanuel GRL">{{cite doi|10.1029/2010GL044558}}</ref> AnJedna additionaldodatna metricmera isje theprečnik radiuspri atkome whichse therelativno cyclone's relativepolje [[ vorticityVrtloženje|vrtloženja]] fieldsmanji decreases todo 1×10<sup>−5</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>.<ref name="Liu / Chan AMS">{{cite doi|10.1175/1520-0493(1999)127<2992:SOTCAI>2.0.CO;2 }}</ref>
On Earth, tropical cyclones span a large range of sizes, from 100–2000 km as measured by the radius of vanishing wind. They are largest on average in the northwest Pacific Ocean basin and smallest in the eastern Pacific Ocean basin. If the radius of outermost closed isobar is less than two [[latitude|degrees of latitude]] ({{convert|222|km|mi|abbr=on}}), then the cyclone is "very small" or a "midget". A radius of 3–6 latitude degrees ({{convert|333|–|670|km|mi|abbr=on}}) is considered "average sized". "Very large" tropical cyclones have a radius of greater than 8 degrees ({{convert|888|km|mi|abbr=on}}).<ref name="JTWCsize"/> Observations indicate that size is only weakly correlated to variables such as storm intensity (i.e. maximum wind speed), radius of maximum wind, latitude, and [[maximum potential intensity]].<ref name="Chavas Emanuel GRL" /><ref name="Merrill">{{Cite journal|title=A comparison of Large and Small Tropical cyclones|journal=Monthly Weather Review|volume=112|issue=7|pages=1408|last=Merrill|first=Robert T|date=1984|publisher= American Meteorological Society |doi=10.1175/1520-0493(1984)112<1408:ACOLAS>2.0.CO;2}}</ref> ▼
▲OnNa EarthZemlji, tropicaltropski cyclonescikloni spanpokrivaju aširok largeopseg range of sizesveličina, fromod 100–2000 km as measured by themereno radiuspo ofprečniku vanishingnestajanja windvetra. TheyOni aresu largestu onproseku averagenajveći inu thepodručju northwestseverozapadnog PacificTihog Oceanokeana, basin and smallest ina thenajmanji easternu Pacificistočnom OceanTihom basinokeanu. IfAko theje radiusprečnik ofnajudaljenije outermostzatvorene closedizobare isobarmanji isod less than twodva [[ latitudelatituda| degrees ofstepena latitude]] ( {{convert|222 | km |mi|abbr=on}}), thenonda theje cycloneciklon is„veoma "verymali“ small"ili or a "midget"„patuljak“. APrečnik radius ofod 3–6 latitudelatitudna degreesstepena ( {{convert|333 | – | 670 | km |mi|abbr=on}}) isse consideredsmatra "average„prosečnom sized"veličinom“. "Very„Veoma large"veliki“ tropicaltropski cyclonescikloni haveimaju aprečnik radiusveći of greater thanod 8 degreesstepeni ( {{convert|888 | km |mi|abbr=on}}).<ref name="JTWCsize"/> ObservationsPromatranja indicatepokazuju thatda sizeje isveličina onlyu weaklymaloj correlatedmeri topovezana variablessa suchpromenljivama askao stormšto intensitysu intenzitet oluje (i.e. maximummaksimalna windbrzina speedvetra), radiusprečnik ofmaksimalnog maximum windvetra, latitudelatituda, andi [[ maximummaksimalni potentialpotencijalni intensityintenzitet]].<ref name="Chavas Emanuel GRL" /><ref name="Merrill">{{Cite journal|title=A comparison of Large and Small Tropical cyclones|journal=Monthly Weather Review|volume=112|issue=7|pages=1408|last=Merrill|first=Robert T|date=1984|publisher= American Meteorological Society |doi=10.1175/1520-0493(1984)112<1408:ACOLAS>2.0.CO;2}}</ref>
Size plays an important role in modulating damage caused by a storm. All else equal, a larger storm will impact a larger area for a longer period of time. Additionally, a larger near-surface wind field can generate higher [[storm surge]] due to the combination of longer wind [[fetch (geography)|fetch]], longer duration, and enhanced [[wave setup]].<ref name="Irish et al JPO">{{cite doi|10.1175/2008JPO3727.1}}</ref> For example, [[Hurricane Sandy]], which struck the eastern U.S. in 2012, barely attained [[Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale|hurricane intensity]] prior to landfall yet was one of the [[List of costliest Atlantic hurricanes|costliest landfalling hurricanes]] in U.S. history because of its extremely large size.
Veličina igra važnu ulogu u modulaciji štete od oluje. Ako je sve ostalo jednako, veća oluja će uticati na veće područje tokom dužeg vremenskog intervala. Osim toga, snažnije polje prizemnog vetra može da generiše veći [[olujni priliv]] usled kombinacije duže zahvaćenosti vetrom, dužeg trajanja i većih talasa.<ref name="Irish et al JPO">{{cite doi|10.1175/2008JPO3727.1}}</ref> Na primer, [[uragan Sandi]], koji je pogodio istočne SAD 2012. godine, jedva da je dostigao [[Safir-Simpsonova skala uragana|uraganski intenzitet]] pre dosezanja kopna, ali je zbog svoje ekstremno velike veličine bio jedan od [[Spisak najskupljih Atlanskih uragana|kopnenih uragana]] koji su izazvali najveću materijalnu štetu u istoriji SAD.
The upper circulation of strong hurricanes extends into the [[tropopause]] of the atmosphere, which at low latitudes is 15.000–18.000 metara.<ref name="Waco 1970">{{cite doi|10.1175/1520-0493(1970)098<0749:TATATL>2.3.CO;2 }}</ref> ▼
▲TheGornji uppercirkulacija circulationjakih ofuragana strongproteže hurricanesse extends into theu [[ tropopausetropopauza|tropopauzu]] ofatmosfere, the atmosphere,koja whichje atpri lownižim latitudeslatitudama isna 15.000–18.000 metara.<ref name="Waco 1970">{{cite doi|10.1175/1520-0493(1970)098<0749:TATATL>2.3.CO;2 }}</ref>
== Fizika i energetika ==
|
