Francuski jezik – razlika između verzija
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== Work in progress ==
Francuski jezik je izveden iz [[Vulgar Latin|spoken Latin language]] of the [[Roman Empire]], as did languages such as [[Italian language|Italian]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]], [[Romanian language|Romanian]], [[Catalan language|Catalan]] and others. French has evolved from Gallo-Romance, the spoken Latin in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other [[langues d'oïl]]—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French ([[Francien]]) has largely supplanted. French was also [[substratum|influenced]] by native [[Celtic languages]] of Northern Roman [[Gaul]] like [[Gallia Belgica]] and by the ([[Germanic languages|Germanic]]) [[Old Frankish|Frankish language]] of the post-Roman [[Franks|Frankish]] invaders. Today, owing to France's past overseas expansion, there are numerous [[French-based creole languages]], most notably [[Haitian Creole language|Haitian Creole]]. A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as ''Francophone''.
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Od [[1970]]. postoji međunarodna organizacija za saradnju zemalja u kojima je francuski zvanični, ili važan jezik u komunikaciji i kulturi. Ova organizacija se zove „[[Frankofonija]]“.
== Geografska distribucija ==
{{main|Geographical distribution of French speakers}}
=== Evropa ===
[[File:Knowledge French EU map.svg|left|thumb|Poznavanje francuskog jezika u zemljama EU i njezinim kandidatima<ref>[http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_243_en.pdf EUROPA], data for EU25, published before 2007 enlargement.</ref>]]
Spoken by 12% of the [[EU]] population, French is the fourth most widely spoken mother tongue in the [[European Union]], after German, English and Italian; it is also the third most widely known language of the Union, after English and German (33% of the EU population report to know how to speak English, whilst 22% of Europeans understand German and 20% French).<ref name="nativeLanguages"/><ref>http://languageknowledge.eu/countries/eu27</ref>
Under the [[Constitution of France]], French has been the official language of the Republic since 1992<ref>{{fr icon}} [http://www.languefrancaise.net/dossiers/dossiers.php?id_dossier=50 Loi constitutionnelle 1992] – {{lang|fr|C'est à la loi constitutionnelle du 25 juin 1992, rédigée dans le cadre de l'intégration européenne, que l'on doit la première déclaration de principe sur le français, langue de la République.}}</ref> (although the [[ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts]] made it mandatory for legal documents in 1539). [[France]] mandates the use of French in official government publications, public [[education]] except in specific cases (though these dispositions are often ignored) and legal [[contract]]s; [[advertisement]]s must bear a translation of foreign words.
In [[Belgium]], French is the official language of [[Wallonia]] (excluding a part of the [[East Cantons]], which are [[German language|German-speaking]]) and one of the two official languages—along with [[Dutch language|Dutch]]—of the [[Brussels-Capital Region]], where it is spoken by the majority of the population often as their primary language.<ref name=philippevanparijs>{{Cite journal| title=Belgium's new linguistic challenge| author= Van Parijs, Philippe, Professor of economic and social ethics at the Université Catholique de Louvain, Visiting Professor at Harvard University and the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven| journal=KVS Express (supplement to newspaper De Morgen) March–April 2006| pages=Article from [http://www.kvs.be/kvs_express/KVS_EXPRESS_13_WEB.pdf original source (pdf 4.9 MB)] pages 34–36 republished by the Belgian Federal Government Service (ministry) of Economy – Directorate–general Statistics Belgium| url=http://www.statbel.fgov.be/studies/ac699_en.pdf| format=pdf 0.7 MB| accessdate=5 May 2007}} – The linguistic situation in Belgium (and in particular various estimations of the population speaking French and Dutch in Brussels) is discussed in detail.</ref>
French is one of the four official languages of [[Switzerland]] (along with [[German language|German]], [[Italian language|Italian]] and [[Romansh language|Romansh]]) and is spoken in the western part of Switzerland called ''[[Romandie]]'', of which [[Geneva]] is the largest city. The language divisions in Switzerland do not coincide with political subdivisions and some [[Cantons of Switzerland|cantons]] have bilingual status for example, cities such Biel/Bienne or cantons such as Valais-Fribourg-Berne. French is the native language of about 20% of the Swiss population and is spoken by 50.4%<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=abit8Yd6J-cC&pg=PA92&lpg=PA92&dq=%22connaissance+du+francais+en+suisse%22#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Le français et les langues ... – Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date= 1 January 2007|accessdate=10 September 2010|isbn=978-2-87747-881-6}}</ref> of the population.
== Historija ==
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== Karakteristike ==
Francuski jezik je veoma daleko od fonetskih pravila čitanja i pisanja. Završni suglasnik u rečima se nikad ne izgovara. Slova n i m se ponekad ne izgovaraju. Francuski se čita „tečno“, što znači da se završni suglasnici često spajaju sa narednom reči. U pisanju se koristi pet vrsta akcenta: akut ´, grav `, cirkumfleks ˆ, umlaut ili trema ¨, i cedilja ¸.
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== Dijalekti ==
Francuski jezik je bogat [[Lokalni dijalekti francuskog jezika|lokalnim dijalektima]], koji se nazivaju i [[patoa]]. Oni se u osnovi dele na [[Severni dijalekti francuskog|severne]] (''Langue d'oïl'', bliže standardnom jeziku), [[Južni dijalekti francuskog|južne]] (''Langue d'oc'', pod uticajem [[Oksitanski jezik|oksitanskog jezika]]), i [[Provansalski dijalekt francuskog|franko-provansalske]] (''Franco-Provençal
== Etimologija ==
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== Jezici nastali iz francuskog ==
{{Columns-list|2|
* [[Antilski kreolski jezik|Antilski kreolski]] ([[Mali Antili]])
* [[Haićanski kreolski]] ([[Haiti]])
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* [[Sejšelski kreolski]] ([[Sejšeli]])
* [[Tây Bồi|Tay Boi]] ili Tây Bồi ([[Vijetnam]])
}}
== Regionalni oblici ==
{{Columns-list|2|
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* [[Novokaledonijski francuski]]
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== Vidite još ==
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