Holin acetiltransferaza
(Preusmjereno sa stranice Kolin acetiltransferaza)
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Holin acetiltransferaza (ChAT) je enzim koji se sintetiše unutar tela neurona. On se zatim prenosi u nervne terminale putem aksoplazmnog protoka. Uloga holin acetiltransferaze je spajanje Acetil-CoA sa holinom, rezultat čega je formiranje neurotransmitera acetilholina.[1] Kod ljudi je enzim holin acetiltransferaza kodiran CHAT genom.[2]
| Holin acetiltransferaza | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifikatori | |||||||||
| EC broj | 2.3.1.6 | ||||||||
| CAS broj | 9012-78-6 | ||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBj PDBsum | ||||||||
| Ontologija gena | AmiGO / EGO | ||||||||
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Funkcija uredi
Holinergički sistemi učestvuju u brojnim neurološkim funkcijama. Premene holinergičkih neurona mogu da doprinesu Alchajmerovoj bolesti. Protein kodiran ovim genom sintetiše neurotransmiter acetilholin. Alternativne splajsne varijante koje sadrže alternativne 5' netranslirene eksone su nađene. Postoje četiri splajsne varijante koje kodiraju identične 69 kDa duge proteine, dok jedna varijanta kodira 69 kDa i duži 82 kDa protein.[1]
On se često koristi kao imunohistohemijski marker za motorne neurone.
Vidi još uredi
Literatura uredi
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 „Entrez Gene: CHAT choline acetyltransferase”.
- ↑ Strauss WL, Kemper RR, Jayakar P, Kong CF, Hersh LB, Hilt DC, Rabin M (February 1991). „Human choline acetyltransferase gene maps to region 10q11-q22.2 by in situ hybridization”. Genomics 9 (2): 396–8. DOI:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90273-H. PMID 1840566.
Dodatna literatura uredi
- Oda Y (2000). „Choline acetyltransferase: the structure, distribution and pathologic changes in the central nervous system”. Pathol. Int. 49 (11): 921–37. DOI:10.1046/j.1440-1827.1999.00977.x. PMID 10594838.
- Oda Y, Nakanishi I, Deguchi T (1993). „A complementary DNA for human choline acetyltransferase induces two forms of enzyme with different molecular weights in cultured cells”. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 16 (3–4): 287–94. DOI:10.1016/0169-328X(92)90237-6. PMID 1337937.
- Toussaint JL, Geoffroy V, Schmitt M i dr.. (1992). „Human choline acetyltransferase (CHAT): partial gene sequence and potential control regions”. Genomics 12 (2): 412–6. DOI:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90395-9. PMID 1339386.
- Lorenzi MV, Trinidad AC, Zhang R, Strauss WL (1992). „Two mRNAs are transcribed from the human gene for choline acetyltransferase”. DNA Cell Biol. 11 (8): 593–603. DOI:10.1089/dna.1992.11.593. PMID 1388731.
- Misawa H, Ishii K, Deguchi T (1992). „Gene expression of mouse choline acetyltransferase. Alternative splicing and identification of a highly active promoter region”. J. Biol. Chem. 267 (28): 20392–9. PMID 1400357.
- Cervini R, Rocchi M, DiDonato S, Finocchiaro G (1992). „Isolation and sub-chromosomal localization of a DNA fragment of the human choline acetyltransferase gene”. Neurosci. Lett. 132 (2): 191–4. DOI:10.1016/0304-3940(91)90299-9. PMID 1784419.
- Strauss WL, Kemper RR, Jayakar P i dr.. (1991). „Human choline acetyltransferase gene maps to region 10q11-q22.2 by in situ hybridization”. Genomics 9 (2): 396–8. DOI:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90273-H. PMID 1840566.
- Viegas-Péquignot E, Berrard S, Brice A i dr.. (1991). „Localization of a 900-bp-long fragment of the human choline acetyltransferase gene to 10q11.2 by nonradioactive in situ hybridization”. Genomics 9 (1): 210–2. DOI:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90242-7. PMID 2004764.
- Itoh N, Slemmon JR, Hawke DH i dr.. (1986). „Cloning of Drosophila choline acetyltransferase cDNA”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (11): 4081–5. DOI:10.1073/pnas.83.11.4081. PMC 323670. PMID 3086876.
- Hersh LB, Takane K, Gylys K i dr.. (1988). „Conservation of amino acid sequences between human and porcine choline acetyltransferase”. J. Neurochem. 51 (6): 1843–5. DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb01166.x. PMID 3183663.
- Berrard S, Brice A, Lottspeich F i dr.. (1988). „cDNA cloning and complete sequence of porcine choline acetyltransferase: in vitro translation of the corresponding RNA yields an active protein”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (24): 9280–4. DOI:10.1073/pnas.84.24.9280. PMC 373252. PMID 3480542.
- Chireux MA, Le Van Thai A, Weber MJ (1995). „Human choline acetyltransferase gene: localization of alternative first exons”. J. Neurosci. Res. 40 (4): 427–38. DOI:10.1002/jnr.490400402. PMID 7616604.
- Bausero P, Schmitt M, Toussaint JL i dr.. (1993). „Identification and analysis of the human choline acetyltransferase gene promoter”. Neuroreport 4 (3): 287–90. DOI:10.1097/00001756-199303000-00015. PMID 7682855.
- Quirin-Stricker C, Nappey V, Simoni P i dr.. (1994). „Trans-activation by thyroid hormone receptors of the 5' flanking region of the human ChAT gene”. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 23 (3): 253–65. DOI:10.1016/0169-328X(94)90232-1. PMID 8057782.
- Erickson JD, Varoqui H, Schäfer MK i dr.. (1994). „Functional identification of a vesicular acetylcholine transporter and its expression from a "cholinergic" gene locus”. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (35): 21929–32. PMID 8071310.
- Kengaku M, Misawa H, Deguchi T (1993). „Multiple mRNA species of choline acetyltransferase from rat spinal cord”. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 18 (1–2): 71–6. DOI:10.1016/0169-328X(93)90174-N. PMID 8479291.
- Misawa H, Matsuura J, Oda Y i dr.. (1997). „Human choline acetyltransferase mRNAs with different 5'-region produce a 69-kDa major translation product”. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 44 (2): 323–33. DOI:10.1016/S0169-328X(96)00231-8. PMID 9073174.
- Lönnerberg P, Ibáñez CF (1999). „Novel, testis-specific mRNA transcripts encoding N-terminally truncated choline acetyltransferase”. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 53 (3): 274–81. DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199907)53:3<274::AID-MRD3>3.0.CO;2-8. PMID 10369388.
- Sakakibara A, Hattori S (2000). „Chat, a Cas/HEF1-associated adaptor protein that integrates multiple signaling pathways”. J. Biol. Chem. 275 (9): 6404–10. DOI:10.1074/jbc.275.9.6404. PMID 10692442.