Proteaza (peptidaza, proteinaza) je enzim koji izvodi proteolizu. Proteaza započinje proteinski katabolizam hidrolizom peptidnih veza koje povezuju aminokiseline u polipeptidne lance od kojih je formiran protein.[1][2]

Klasifikacija uredi

Standard uredi

Proteaze se dele u šest grupa:

Treoninske i glutamatne proteaze nisu bile poznate do 1995 i 2004, respektivno. Mehanizam raskidanja peptidne veze obuhvata korak u kome nukleofil napada peptidnu vezu. Nukleofil je bilo aminokiselina peptidaze (cistein, serin, treonin) ili molekul vode kod aspartat-, metalo- i glutamatne proteaze. Jedan način formiranja nukleofila je putem katalitičke trijade, gde se histidinski ostatak koristi za aktivaciju serina, cisteina, ili treonina.

Reference uredi

  1. Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet (2005). Biochemistry (3 izd.). Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-19350-0. 
  2. Branden C, Tooze J.. Introduction to Protein Structure. New York, NY: Garland Publishing. ISBN: 0-8153-2305-0. 

Literatura uredi

  • Barrett A.J., Rawlings ND, Woessner JF. The Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes, 2nd ed. Academic Press, 2003. ISBN 0-12-079610-4.
  • Hedstrom L. Serine Protease Mechanism and Specificity. Chem Rev 2002;102:4501-4523.
  • Southan C. A genomic perspective on human proteases as drug targets. Drug Discov Today 2001;6:681-688.
  • Hooper NM. Proteases in Biology and Medicine. London: Portland Press, 2002. ISBN 1-85578-147-6.
  • Puente XS, Sanchez LM, Overall CM, Lopez-Otin C. Human and Mouse Proteases: a Comparative Genomic Approach. Nat Rev Genet 2003;4:544-558.
  • Ross J, Jiang H, Kanost MR, Wang Y. Serine proteases and their homologs in the Drosophila melanogaster genome: an initial analysis of sequence conservation and phylogenetic relationships. Gene 2003;304:117-31.
  • Puente XS, Lopez-Otin C. A Genomic Analysis of Rat Proteases and Protease Inhibitors. Genome Biol 2004;14:609-622.
  • Lucía Feijoo-Siota, Tomás G. Villa Native and Biotechnologically Engineered Plant Proteases with Industrial Applications. Food and Bioprocess Technology 2010.

Spoljašnje veze uredi