Wikipedija

Gaošan

Tajvanski domoroci ili domorodački narod (kineski: 原住民; Hanyu Pinyin: yuánzhùmín; Wade-Giles: yüan2-chu4-min2; Tongyong Pinyin: yuánjhùmín; tajvanski Pe̍h-oē-jī: gôan-chū-bîn, doslovno značenje: "originalni stanovnici") su domorodački narod na Tajvanu. Predstavljaju grupu austronezijskih naroda koji potječu od stanovnika Tajvana koji su živjeli na otoci prije dolaska Han Kineza u 17. vijeku.

Rukai seoski poglavica posjećuje Odjel antroologije na Tokijskom Carskom Univerzitetu za vrijeme japanske vladavine.

Danas većina plemena priznatih od strane Republike Kine je koncentrirana u visorovnima Tajvana te govori arhaičnom skupinom jezika zvanom formožanski jezici, koja je srodna malajsko-polinežanskim jezicima, te pripada austronezijskoj porodici jezika. Prema podacima iz godine 2004. ima oko 400.000 pripadnika te skupine.

Narodna Republika Kina za taj narod koristi izraz Gaošan (ch: 高山族; py: Gāoshān zú; wg: Kao-shan tsu; tw: ko-san-cho̍k; doslovno "etnos visokih planina") i drži ih na spisku 56 etničkih grupa. Na Tajvanu, riječ Kaoshan se koristi za domorodačke grupe za koje se drži da žive u planinama Tajvana, nasuprot izraza Pingpu (ch: 平埔族; py: píngpǔ zú; wg: p'ing-p'u tsu; tw: pêⁿ-po-cho̍k; doslovno " ravničarski etnos").

Literatura uredi

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  • Ed. Blusse, Leonard & Everts, Natalie. 2000. The Formosan Encounter: Notes on Formosa’s Aboriginal Society-A selection of Documents from Dutch Archival Sources Vol. I & Vol. II. Taipei, Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines. ISBN 978-957-99767-2-5 & ISBN 978-957-99767-7-0
  • Blust, Robert A. Austronesian Root Theory. 1988. Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing. ISBN 978-90-272-3020-1
  • Borao Mateo, Jose Eugenio 2002. Spaniards in Taiwan Vol. I & Vol. II. Taipei, SMC Publishing. ISBN 978-957-638-566-7 & ISBN 978-957-638-589-6
  • Brown, Melissa J. Is Taiwan Chinese? : The Impact of Culture, Power and Migration on Changing Identities. 2004, University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-23182-5
  • Campbell, Rev. William. 1915. Sketches of Formosa. Marshall Brothers Ltd. London, Edinburgh, New York, reprinted by SMC Publishing Inc 1996. ISBN 978-957-638-377-9
  • Chen, Chiu-kun, 1997, Qing dai Taiwan tu zhe di quan, (Land Rights in Qing Era Taiwan), Academia Historica, Taipei, Taiwan. ISBN 978-957-671-272-2
  • Cohen, Marc J. 1988. Taiwan At The Crossroads: Human Rights, Political Development and Social Change on the Beautiful Island. Asia Resource Center, Washington D.C.
  • Ed. Faure, David. 2001. In Search of the Hunters and Their Tribes. Taipei, Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines Publishing. ISBN 978-957-30287-0-3
  • Ed. Harrison, Henrietta. 2001. Natives of Formosa: British Reports of the Taiwan Indigenous People, 1650-1950. Taipei, Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines Publishing. ISBN 978-957-99767-9-4
  • Hong, Mei Yuan, 1997, Taiwan zhong bu ping pu zhu (Plains Tribes of Central Taiwan), Academia Historica, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Hsu, Mutsu, 1991, Culture, Self and Adaptation: The Psychological Anthropology of Two Malayo-Polynesian Groups in Taiwan. Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. ISBN 978-957-9046-78-7.
  • Keliher, Macabe.2003. Out of China or Yu Yonghe’s Tales of Formosa. Taipei, SMC Publishing. ISBN 9570-638-609-8 Uneseni ISBN nije važeći.
  • Ed. Knapp, Ronald G. China’s Island Frontier: Studies in the Historical Geography of Taiwan. 1980. Honolulu, University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-957-638-334-2
  • Leo T.S. Ching. 2001. Becoming “Japanese”. Berkeley, University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22551-0
  • Li, Paul Jen-Kuei & Tsuchida Shigeru. 2001. Pazih Dictionary. Academia Sinica Institute of Linguistics, Taipei, Taiwan. ISBN 978-957-671-790-1
  • Li, Paul Jen-Kuei and Tsuchida, Shigeru. 2002. Pazih Texts and Songs. Institute of Linguistics Preparatory Office, Academia Sinica. ISBN 978-957-671-888-5
  • Interview: 2003: Lin Tan Ah (age 94) -in Shi Men, Ping Tung
  • Mackay, George L. 1896. From Far Formosa. London, Oliphant Anderson and Ferrier, Reprinted 1991,1998, SMC Publishing, Taipei. ISBN 978-957-638-072-3
  • Meskill, Johanna Menzel. 1979. A Chinese Pioneer Family: The Lins of Wu-Feng, Taiwan 1729-1895. Princeton University Press, Princeton New Jersey
  • Montgomery-McGovern, Janet B. 1922. Among the Head-Hunters of Formosa. Boston, Small Maynard and Co. Reprinted 1997, SMC Publishing, Taipei. ISBN 257-638-421-4 Uneseni ISBN nije važeći.
  • Interview: 2003: Pan Jin Yu (age 93) -in Puli
  • Peng, Tan Ming, 1999, Da du she gu wen shu (Old Records of the Da Du Tribes), Academia Historica, Taipei, Taiwan. ISBN 978-957-02-7661-9
  • Peng, Tan Ming, 2000, Ping pu bai she gu wen shu (Old Records of 100 Plains Villages), Academia Historica, Taipei, Taiwan. ISBN 978-957-01-0937-5
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  • Shepherd, John Robert. 1995. Marriage and Mandatory Abortion among the 17th Century Siraya. The American Anthropological Association, Arlington VA
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  • Yosaburo Takekoshi. 1907. Japanese Rule in Formosa. London, Longmans, Green and Co. Reprinted 1996, SMC Publishing, Taipei. ISBN 978-957-638-378-6

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